Zdravlje i zdravstvena zaštita našeg doba

Objavljeno u Zdravlje

Neki od koncepata u podlozi ECO HVARa za zdravlje.

S obzirom na to da sam radila u polju fizikalne rehabilitacije preko 35 godina, prisustvovala sam mnogim promjenama medicinske prakse. Neke su bile na bolje, neke na gore.

Modernom medicinom dominira uporaba terapijskih lijekova. Unosan posao. Veliki profiti za tvrtke koje pronađu pravu nišu na tržištu. Zato je na djelu konstantna utrka za proizvodnjom novog magičnog lijeka koji bi liječio sve moguće ljudske tegobe, da ne spominjem lijekove za prevenciju bolesti, poželjno upakiranog i promoviranog za uporabu što većeg broja ljudi kroz što duži period.

Dobra strana je da se mnogo odmaklo u kontroliranju bolesti poput ospica. Loša strana je da mnogi lijekovi imaju nuspojave koje izazivaju sekundarne probleme, od kojih neki mogu biti opasni ili čak fatalni; a pretjerano je korištenje antibiotika dovelo do stvaranja infekcija koje su otporne na lijelove, poput MRSA i C.Diff te porast bolesti koje bi lijekovi trebali liječiti, poput, na lijekove otporne, tuberkuloze.

Mnogi terapijski lijekovi mogu se danas nabaviti na šalterima i na internetu. Postoje različita pravila propisivanja lijekova. U Ujedinjenom Kraljevstvu, osim registriranih liječnika, neke sestre, patronažne sestre, fizioterapeuti i podolozi imaju pravo propisivati određene vrste lijekova, kao i stomatolozi. Kad god se za pacijenta brine nekoliko praktičara, postoji rizik pretjeranog propisivanja lijekova. Još gore, ako praktičari nisu koordinirani, lijekovi suprotnog učinka mogu se primijeniti, a to može dovesti do blaže smetnje ili katastrofe.

Na neki način naglasak na terapiju lijekovima poremetio je principe medicinske njege. Mnogi doktori i pacijenti očekuju da lijek može iskočiti iz boce ili kesice i da je „znanstvena medicina“ jedini način nošenja sa zdravstvenim problemima. Kad sam se obrazovala za fizioterapeuta prije svih tih godina, bila sam nesklona liječiti pacijente s tuberkulozom jer su mi oba roditelja patila od nje, a najstariji brat je umro od iste bolesti. Strahovi su mi odagnani na sljedeći način: „Nije problem dobiti tuberkulozu ovih dana jer se jednostavno uzimaju lijekovi i onda sve bude dobro“. U duhu ovog lažnog samopouzdanja, tijekom narednih godina, većina izolacijskih bolnica za infektivne bolesti u UK je zatvorena. Ovo je, naravno, bilo prije tuberkuloze otporne na lijekove, sad najvećeg razloga za zabrinutost u svjetskom zdravstvu, pored uspona tzv. superbakterij, spomenutih iznad, koje se nalaze u gotovo svim bolnicama u UK. Američki izvještaj „Prijetnje otpornosti na antibiotike u SAD-u, 2013“ koji izdaje Centar za kontrolu i prevenciju bolesti utvrdio je da se „većina smrti povezanih s otpornosti na antibiotike događa u uvjetima zdravstvene skrbi, poput bolnica ili staračkih domova“.

Iz ugla pacijanata, očekivanja da se bolesti liječe čudima moderne medicine stvorila su osjećaj nepobjedivosti. Ljudi se ne osjećaju odgovornima za prevenciju bolesti i promociju vlastite dobrobiti. Promocije zdravlja dođu i prođu, a konstantno se se u medijima mogu primijetiti poruke, ponekad kontradiktorne, o tome što znači „živjeti zdravo“.

Zdrav život ovisi o mnogo faktora, koji si fizički, mentalni i emocionalni. Okoliš isto igra važnu ulogu. Ne postoji jedinstvena formula za zdrav životni stil. Mnogo ovisi o pojedincu. Prehrana, vježbanje i životni stil imaju utjecaj na zdravlje pojedinca i moraju se razmatrati holistički u relaciji s pojedinčevim kapacitetima, preferencijama i aspiracijama. Vrhunski sportaš ima drugačije potrebe od radnika koji sjedi u uredu, ali da bi bili zdravi, obojica moraju paziti na prehranu, tjelovježbu i životne navike. Za sve je higijena od primarne važnosti u preveniranju i kontroliranju infekcija i unakrsnih infekcija.

Godine iskustva u rehabilitaciji specijaliziranoj za traumu i sportske ozljede su me, naravno, naučile mnogo. Osnovni principi mog djelovanja su bili konstantni cijelo vrijeme:

  1. jednostavna rješenja
  2. sloboda izbora

Preferiram prirodne lijekove za ozljede i bolesti, kad god je moguće. Ljudsko tijelo ima moćne kapacitete da ozdravi samo sebe, u ispravnim uvjetima. Na praktičaru je da pomogne stvoriti prave uvjete. Pacijent (ili osoba odgovorna za pacijenta u slučaju djeteta ili osobe nesposobne da donosi razumne odluke) trebala bi biti informirana o prirodi ozljede ili bolesti, mogućim tretmanima i njihovim efektima (uključujući rizike) te metodama samopomoći. Onda je na pacijentu da odluči koji smjer djelovanja je najbolji u određenoj situaciji. Vrlo često, osjećati kontrolu u nekoj situaciji je važan dio pacijentove sposobnosti oporavka.

Ovo je pozadina stvaranja ECO HVARA za zdravlje, neprofitne organizacije koja promovira razumijevanje zdravih životnih stilova, prevencije problema i njihovih rješenja.

© Vivian Grisogono 2013
Prijevod: Bartul Mimica  
Nalazite se ovdje: Home članci o zdravlju Zdravlje i zdravstvena zaštita našeg doba

Eco Environment News feeds

  • Mersey Valley Way takes in Manchester and Stockport on its 13-mile route with other walks to be identified in 2026

    A new river walk has been announced by the government as ministers try to improve access to nature in England.

    The 13-mile (21km) walk will go through Greater Manchester and the north-west of England. There will be a river walk in each region of the country by the end of parliament, the government has pledged.

    Continue reading...

  • Secondhand tobacco smoke and routine tasks such as operating the stove shown to be biggest emitters of indoor pollution in UK homes

    Christmas and New Year is a time when many people will be at home. Being indoors can give us a degree of protection from outdoor air pollution, but it can also trap pollution we produce inside our homes.

    Risks from secondhand tobacco smoke are well known and the effect is perhaps best seen by comparison of health data before and after indoor smoking bans. A study of 47 indoor smoking bans in public spaces found hospital admissions for heart attacks decreased by an average of 12%, but people are less aware of other indoor pollutants and how to minimise them.

    Continue reading...

  • As part of the Guardian’s Against the tide series, readers aged 18 to 30 share what they love about living in their coastal town, the challenges and why they often choose to leave

    Megan, a 24-year-old from the Isle of Wight, is very familiar with saying goodbye. She decided university wasn’t for her and remembers how, one by one, she waved off her friends who left the island to study. Many never came back.

    Continue reading...

  • Provisional figures in government mandate’s first year show 20% shortfall in levels of SAF supplied for UK flights

    The take-up of sustainable aviation fuels is on course to fall short of the UK government’s first annual mandate, official figures suggest.

    Production data published by the Department for Transport (DfT) covering most of 2025 shows that sustainable fuels (SAF) only accounted for 1.6% of fuel supplied for UK flights – 20% less fuel in volume than the 2% needed to fulfil the requirement.

    Continue reading...

  • We look back over the year’s wildlife photographs, and hand out some much-deserved gongs to brilliant and beautiful creatures around the world

    Continue reading...

  • The Marches, Shropshire: Boxing Day has its own more violent customs between humans and animals. That’s not the world I choose to live in

    The sparrows are a shuffling, chirruping shadow in the bushes, a static of anticipation. They are waiting for food, calling for it. They have not forgotten what the poet Emily Dickinson describes, in her poem Victory Comes Late, as “God keeps his oath to sparrows, / Who of little love / Know how to starve!” However, sparrows do seem to live in a much more vivid and emotional society than as mere victims of an indifferent nature that is economical at the expense of compassion.

    To say they come to the feeding station sounds a bit grand for a small bird table, a few hanging fat balls and a scattering of seed and mealworms in a back yard in Oswestry. The first adventurers edge in, not just to explore the food source but to play in a space of subtle changes that have happened in their place. When the whole host, quarrel or ubiquity move in, there must be over 30 birds. The energy of their performance is contagious.

    Continue reading...

  • Low-cost tech and joined-up funding have reduced illegal logging, mining and poaching in the Darién Gap – it’s a success story that could stop deforestation worldwide

    There are no roads through the Darién Gap. This vast impenetrable forest spans the width of the land bridge between South and Central America, but there is almost no way through it: hundreds have lost their lives trying to cross it on foot.

    Its size and hostility have shielded it from development for millennia, protecting hundreds of species – from harpy eagles and giant anteaters to jaguars and red-crested tamarins – in one of the most biodiverse places on Earth. But it has also made it incredibly difficult to protect. Looking after 575,000 hectares (1,420,856 acres) of beach, mangrove and rainforest with just 20 rangers often felt impossible, says Segundo Sugasti, the director of Darién national park. Like tropical forests all over the world, it has been steadily shrinking, with at least 15% lost to logging, mining and cattle ranching in two decades.

    Continue reading...

  • From Copenhagen’s cycle lanes and Vienna’s shared parks to Barcelona and London’s unfulfilled potential, better living is close at hand

    The angry rumble of a speeding SUV. The metallic smog of backlogged traffic. The aching heat of sun-dried neighbourhoods baking in an oven of concrete and asphalt.

    For most people, the mundane threats that plague our environments are likely to annoy more than they spark dread. But for scientists who know just how dangerous our surroundings can be, the burden of knowledge weighs heavy each day. Across Europe, environmental risks cause 18% of deaths from cardiovascular disease and 10% of deaths from cancer. Traffic crashes in the EU kill five times more people than murders.

    Continue reading...

  • Seaweed has become a key cash crop as climate change and industrial trawling test the resilient culture of the semi-nomadic Vezo people

    Along Madagascar’s south-west coast, the Vezo people, who have fished the Mozambique Channel for countless generations, are defined by a way of life sustained by the sea. Yet climate change and industrial exploitation are pushing this ocean-based culture to its limits.

    Coastal villages around Toliara, a city in southern Madagascar, host tens of thousands of the semi-nomadic Vezopeople, who make a living from small-scale fishing on the ocean. For centuries, they have launched pirogues, small boats carved from single tree trunks, every day into the turquoise shallows to catch tuna, barracuda and grouper.

    A boat near lines of seaweed, which has become a main source of income for Ambatomilo village as warmer seas, bleached reefs and erratic weather accelerate the decline of local fish populations

    Continue reading...

  • The activist and author of Here Comes the Sun discusses rapid advances in solar and wind power and how the US ceded leadership in the sector to its main rival

    Bill McKibben’s book The End of Nature, published in 1989, warned early of the dangers of climate changes and he has been campaigning and writing ever since. His most recent book, Here Comes the Sun, takes a look at the soaring potential of renewable energy

    Is your latest book a more optimistic take on this world?

    Continue reading...

Novosti: Cybermed.hr

Novosti: Biologija.com

Izvor nije pronađen