Pesticidi: kontrola i odgovornost

Korištenje kemijskih otrova izmaklo se kontroli u velikom dijelu modernog svijeta. Zaštitne mjere u teoriji postoje, u praksi su nedovoljne. Na svakoj je razini odgovornosti potrebno unaprijediti praksu. Ovo su naši prijedlozi kako postići nužna unapređenja.

Pesticidi, odobrenja, skandali

Ove jeseni je zabranjeni pesticid Klorpirifos pronađen u hrvatskim mandarinama uzgajanim za domaće tržište, ali i za izvoz. Šok i nevjerica! No stvarno nevjerojatno je to što je ovaj pogubno opasan pesticid Europska Unija odobrila 1. lipnja davne 2006. godine. On se na široko koristio po cijeloj regiji sve dok nije formalno zabranjen 16. veljače 2020. godine, sa finalnim rokom uporabe do 16. travnja 2020. Ipak, evo ga još uvijek u uporabi tri godine nakon. Zašto je Klorpirifos uopće bio odobren, prije no što su obavljena nužna testiranja koja pokazuju razmjere štete koju uzrokuje? U najmanju ruku, zašto nije povučen čim su rizici postali jasni? Zašto ne postoji kontrola nad krajnjim korisnicima? Zašto potrošači nisu bolje zaštićeni?

Skandal s Klorpirifosom nije izolirani incident. Ovo nije ništa iznenađujuće, pošto se kemijski pesticidi odobravaju na temelju uglavnom neobjavljenih industrijskih studija; neovisna istraživanja štetnih učinaka zahtijevaju vremena, stoga njihovi rezultati dolaze mnogo kasnije. Krajnje je vrijeme da nadležni organi unaprijede zaštitne mjere i osiguraju njihovu primjenu u praksi. Europska Unija i Europska Komisija odgovorne su za većinu zakona koji se tiču kemijskih tvari. Države članice EU-a odgovorne su za pesticide koji se koriste na njihovom teritoriju. U Hrvatskoj je Ministarstvo poljoprivrede nadležno za regulaciju takozvanih „sredstava za zaštitu bilja“ koja se koriste u poljoprivredi. Ministarstvo zdravstva upravlja biocidima, kemikalijama čija bi uporaba trebala zaštititi ljudsko zdravlje. Biocidi se koriste u sklopu godišnjeg programa mjera suzbijanja patogenih mikroorganizama, štetnih člankonožaca i štetnih glodavaca, koje Ministarstvo zdravstva delegira Hrvatskom zavodu za javno zdravstvo, a on pak delegira program regionalnim zavodima za javno zdravstvo.

Europski neuspjeh

U studenom 2023. europske su vlasti odustale od pretvaranja da štite europske građane od štetnih učinaka kemijskih pesticida. Europski parlament nije izglasao zabranu herbicida Glifosat, a Europska komisija je tada predložila produljenje njegove dozvole za daljnjih deset godina. Europski parlament također nije u potpunosti podržao prijedlog 'Zelenog dogovora' (tzv. 'Green Deal') za smanjenje upotrebe pesticida u sljedećih nekoliko godina. Zašto? Zato što su odlučili ignorirati objavljena neovisna znanstvena istraživanja i volju tisuća građana EU-a, oslanjajući se na pretežno neobjavljene 'studije' financirane od agrokemijske industrije.

Sada je na nama red!

To znači da odgovornost za zaštitu ljudskog zdravlja i bioraznolikost okoliša izravno pada na sve nas. Nacionalne, regionalne i lokalne vlasti moraju provoditi potrebne politike, posebno u pogledu javnih prostora, parkova, šuma, izvora vode i morskog okoliša. Iznad svega, pojedinci moraju razumjeti opasnosti korištenja bilo koje vrste kemijskih pesticida u domovima, vrtovima ili poljima.

Zabrana pesticida u Općini Jelsa: primjeri loše prakse

Odredbom Vijeća (Službeni glasnik Općine Jelsa, 07.09.2010., III. Čl.32 / 9) već dugi niz godina zabranjeno je korištenje neekoloških sredstava, odnosno kemijskih pesticida za uništavanje korova i štetočina u javnim prostorima. Ipak, tijekom niza godina u praksi su korišteni u jelšanskom parku kemijski pesticidi kao što su Ouragan System 4 (aktivna tvar glifosat), Pyrinex 48EC (aktivna tvar klorpirifos) i Revive II (aktivna tvar emamektin benzoat). U travnju 2022. hvarske prometnice prskane su herbicidom iz kombija, oznakama 'Hrvatske Ceste'. Pojedini građani su koristili herbicide na javnim stazama, pa čak i na starim potocima, potpuno neovlašteno. Svake godine se sve prometnice prskaju tri puta tijekom ljeta piretroidnim insekticidima i to sredstvima koja su zabranjena u EU-u za vanjsku upotrebu, jer su previše opasna za okoliš i pčele.

Ignoriranje Odredbi

Očito ljudi nisu svjesni koliku štetu nanosi ta količina opasnih otrova u okolišu i time ignoriraju Odredbu Vijeća. Rezultati su itekako vidljivi na otoku. Svake godine sve je manje ptica, šišmiša, insekata, divljih životinja, plus iscrpljenog tla u poljima. Što se tiče zdravlja ljudi, koliko otočana boluje od raka? Postoji relativno visoka učestalost, uključujući rak prostate i dojke, leukemija, non-Hodgkins limfom, kao i problemi sa štitnjačom. Brojne su neurološke bolesti kao što je Parkinsonova bolest. Kemijski pesticidi mogu biti čimbenik svih ovih i mnogih drugih zdravstvenih problema.

Štetan utjecaj na turizam

Jedan važan dio ponude u hvarskom turizmu je 'netaknuta priroda'. Tragično, raširena uporaba pesticida potkopava temelje glavnih prednosti otoka.

Djelujte sada kako biste spasili ljude i sačuvali prekrasnu prirodu Hvara i Hrvatske za buduće generacije!

Vivian Grisogono MA(Oxon), studeni 2023.

Prijevod Josip Vlainić i dr.

Za detalje naših prijedloga nadležnim tjelima za spasiti ljudi i okoliš od štetnih učinaka kemijskih pesticida klinite ovdje.

Drugi srodni članci: Pesticidi, zašto nePesticidi pronađeni u kući u Svirčima na Hvaru; Testiranje na pesticide

Nalazite se ovdje: Home opasni otrovi Pesticidi: kontrola i odgovornost

Eco Environment News feeds

  • UK Health Security Agency also issues red heat alert for six English regions, indicating risk to life even for the healthy

    Met Office forecasters have issued a rare red weather warning for Wednesday and Thursday in the face of extreme heat and humidity, while a red heat health alert has been issued in England indicating “a risk to life for even the healthy population”.

    The weather warning covers southern Wales as far west as Swansea, and an area of England that includes London and runs from the inland areas of Kent across to Somerset, as far north-west as Birmingham, and as far north-east as southern Cambridgeshire.

    Continue reading...

  • People trained to experience world as otters, salmon and other River Tone creatures for pioneering research

    What does a kestrel make of the dog sniffing in the long grass below? Why does an exhausted salmon pause before a weir? How will an otter experience the rumble of a passing train?

    Eighteen people have spent six weeks swimming, slithering and soaring as otters, salmon, earthworms, red deer and kestrels in an attempt to better document the risks for wild animals in our human-dominated landscape.

    Continue reading...

  • Prime minister was forced to row back on some policies despite strong support among voters for climate action

    Keir Starmer has faced a problem no Labour government has needed to deal with before. His energy and climate policies – core to solving the cost of living crisis – have come under attack from opposition parties, which have made dismantling the agenda one of their top priorities, second only to immigration, in their pitch to voters.

    This is new in British politics, where a cross-party consensus on the climate and environment has held at least since the days of Margaret Thatcher. She warned the UN of the climate crisis in 1988; David Cameron in 2006 urged voters to “vote blue, go green”; Theresa May enshrined in law the requirement to reach net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050; Boris Johnson championed the Cop26 UN climate summit in Glasgow in 2021; even Rishi Sunak only tried a partial rollback of green policies as a last desperate throw before calling an election.

    Continue reading...

  • UN’s World Food Programme and agriculture agency issue joint appeal for funds to avert global hunger crisis before it happens

    Adugna Woyessa was a little boy the first time drought tore his country apart. As harvests failed in rain-starved regions of Ethiopia in the early 1970s, and his school turned a classroom into a grain store for farmers to send aid, he had no idea that scientists were beginning to connect the force parching its fields with cyclical shifts in trade winds that had long supercharged violent weather from South America to Australia.

    The now notorious El Niño – Spanish for “little boy” was named by fishers in the Pacific in the 1800s, but it was not until the 1970s that scientists understood its global nature and began to piece together the historical impact of the natural weather pattern characterised by hot years and brutal extremes.

    Continue reading...

  • Abernethy forest, Cairngorms: One of my favourite species, the tiny twinflower, does better in Scots pinewoods than most places in the UK. Now I just have to find some

    The soundtrack to my day is the calls of siskins, blackcaps, willow warblers, coal tits and tree pipits, the drumming of a great spotted woodpecker and an occasional cuckoo. But this morning my gaze is aimed downwards. I’m walking slowly, gingerly, looking for a colony of twinflowers that I know I’ve seen around here before.

    They’re one of my favourite flowers and a sign for me that summer is here. Standing just 10cm in height, their stems form a delicate Y with two, tiny, beautiful pale pinkish-white bell‑shaped flowers that hang from each of the tops.

    Continue reading...

  • Smaller, cheaper cars built for narrow city streets are becoming more stylish – but require careful design decisions

    The winding backstreets of London, Paris and Rome are a large part of their charm. But they are also a problem for electric carmakers. For a long time, squeezing big batteries into smaller, cheaper cars to fit European streets was too much of a problem, so manufacturers focused on bloated SUVs instead.

    But that is finally changing. Battery technology has improved and Europe’s carmakers havecut manufacturing costs enough that they can now sell cars that might have a chance of fitting down a medieval lane or two.

    Continue reading...

  • Exclusive: European Commission planning to rewrite key law to allow water-intensive mines in regions suffering from drought

    The European Commission plans to rewrite the EU’s flagship water protection law to speed up the development of critical minerals mines, despite many being located in drying and water-stressed regions, analysis has found.

    Mining is a water-intensive industry, requiring large volumes of water for ore processing, dust suppression, waste management and mine dewatering. While modern projects recycle water, they still require significant amounts, and in water-stressed regions those demands can add to pressure on already stretched rivers, aquifers and water supplies.

    Continue reading...

  • Ten people affected in different ways by extreme weather are taking a case against the federal government to the UN

    As flood waters rose in Brisbane’s West End in February 2022, Brendon Donohue was trapped alone in his second-storey apartment for 10 days. The 33-year-old is legally blind and his movement is limited by Peters plus syndrome. He received evacuation alerts on his phone in the middle of the night. But with the lift, intercom and front entrance shut down he had no safe way out of the building.

    “It was terrifying,” he says. “The whole street was badly impacted with water. The power went out, which made me not able to contact anyone. I ran out of food but couldn’t get any into the building.”

    Continue reading...

  • A national heatwave plan has been activated to help people stay cool during the Netherlands’ increasingly hot summers

    Households in Amsterdam are being urged to hang their curtains outside their windows as health experts recommend simple hacks to moderate the heatwave rolling across the Netherlands, where homes were built for old-fashioned damp and coldish northern European weather.

    In a viral social media post last week, Eline Coolen, the heat coordinator at the city’s public health institute, urged sweaty city-dwellers to rig up temporary curtain rails or drape curtains or sheets outside to stop the sun’s rays reaching their large windows.

    Continue reading...

  • Forced to stay home or switch jobs, working mothers are bearing the brunt of the climate crisis as classes go online for weeks or months at a time

    Outside, the temperature has passed 41C (105.8F). Inside Sakshi Katyal’s city apartment, the air conditioner is blasting but it does little to relieve the stress of balancing housework and helping her five-year-old log in on a laptop to online classes. Her daughter’s school closed in May and Katyal is not clear when it will reopen. Probably not till the autumn.

    Schools across Delhi and in about half of India’s 28 states have been ordered to close from mid-May until the end of June, when in many places the summer break starts. There is no official record of closures in past years but the Guardian has spoken to school officials who say the number of days schools are shut for because of the heat has risen sharply. The impact on families, especially on working women, has been huge.

    Continue reading...

Novosti: Cybermed.hr

Novosti: Biologija.com

Izvor nije pronađen