Pesticidi: kontrola i odgovornost

Korištenje kemijskih otrova izmaklo se kontroli u velikom dijelu modernog svijeta. Zaštitne mjere u teoriji postoje, u praksi su nedovoljne. Na svakoj je razini odgovornosti potrebno unaprijediti praksu. Ovo su naši prijedlozi kako postići nužna unapređenja.

Pesticidi, odobrenja, skandali

Ove jeseni je zabranjeni pesticid Klorpirifos pronađen u hrvatskim mandarinama uzgajanim za domaće tržište, ali i za izvoz. Šok i nevjerica! No stvarno nevjerojatno je to što je ovaj pogubno opasan pesticid Europska Unija odobrila 1. lipnja davne 2006. godine. On se na široko koristio po cijeloj regiji sve dok nije formalno zabranjen 16. veljače 2020. godine, sa finalnim rokom uporabe do 16. travnja 2020. Ipak, evo ga još uvijek u uporabi tri godine nakon. Zašto je Klorpirifos uopće bio odobren, prije no što su obavljena nužna testiranja koja pokazuju razmjere štete koju uzrokuje? U najmanju ruku, zašto nije povučen čim su rizici postali jasni? Zašto ne postoji kontrola nad krajnjim korisnicima? Zašto potrošači nisu bolje zaštićeni?

Skandal s Klorpirifosom nije izolirani incident. Ovo nije ništa iznenađujuće, pošto se kemijski pesticidi odobravaju na temelju uglavnom neobjavljenih industrijskih studija; neovisna istraživanja štetnih učinaka zahtijevaju vremena, stoga njihovi rezultati dolaze mnogo kasnije. Krajnje je vrijeme da nadležni organi unaprijede zaštitne mjere i osiguraju njihovu primjenu u praksi. Europska Unija i Europska Komisija odgovorne su za većinu zakona koji se tiču kemijskih tvari. Države članice EU-a odgovorne su za pesticide koji se koriste na njihovom teritoriju. U Hrvatskoj je Ministarstvo poljoprivrede nadležno za regulaciju takozvanih „sredstava za zaštitu bilja“ koja se koriste u poljoprivredi. Ministarstvo zdravstva upravlja biocidima, kemikalijama čija bi uporaba trebala zaštititi ljudsko zdravlje. Biocidi se koriste u sklopu godišnjeg programa mjera suzbijanja patogenih mikroorganizama, štetnih člankonožaca i štetnih glodavaca, koje Ministarstvo zdravstva delegira Hrvatskom zavodu za javno zdravstvo, a on pak delegira program regionalnim zavodima za javno zdravstvo.

Europski neuspjeh

U studenom 2023. europske su vlasti odustale od pretvaranja da štite europske građane od štetnih učinaka kemijskih pesticida. Europski parlament nije izglasao zabranu herbicida Glifosat, a Europska komisija je tada predložila produljenje njegove dozvole za daljnjih deset godina. Europski parlament također nije u potpunosti podržao prijedlog 'Zelenog dogovora' (tzv. 'Green Deal') za smanjenje upotrebe pesticida u sljedećih nekoliko godina. Zašto? Zato što su odlučili ignorirati objavljena neovisna znanstvena istraživanja i volju tisuća građana EU-a, oslanjajući se na pretežno neobjavljene 'studije' financirane od agrokemijske industrije.

Sada je na nama red!

To znači da odgovornost za zaštitu ljudskog zdravlja i bioraznolikost okoliša izravno pada na sve nas. Nacionalne, regionalne i lokalne vlasti moraju provoditi potrebne politike, posebno u pogledu javnih prostora, parkova, šuma, izvora vode i morskog okoliša. Iznad svega, pojedinci moraju razumjeti opasnosti korištenja bilo koje vrste kemijskih pesticida u domovima, vrtovima ili poljima.

Zabrana pesticida u Općini Jelsa: primjeri loše prakse

Odredbom Vijeća (Službeni glasnik Općine Jelsa, 07.09.2010., III. Čl.32 / 9) već dugi niz godina zabranjeno je korištenje neekoloških sredstava, odnosno kemijskih pesticida za uništavanje korova i štetočina u javnim prostorima. Ipak, tijekom niza godina u praksi su korišteni u jelšanskom parku kemijski pesticidi kao što su Ouragan System 4 (aktivna tvar glifosat), Pyrinex 48EC (aktivna tvar klorpirifos) i Revive II (aktivna tvar emamektin benzoat). U travnju 2022. hvarske prometnice prskane su herbicidom iz kombija, oznakama 'Hrvatske Ceste'. Pojedini građani su koristili herbicide na javnim stazama, pa čak i na starim potocima, potpuno neovlašteno. Svake godine se sve prometnice prskaju tri puta tijekom ljeta piretroidnim insekticidima i to sredstvima koja su zabranjena u EU-u za vanjsku upotrebu, jer su previše opasna za okoliš i pčele.

Ignoriranje Odredbi

Očito ljudi nisu svjesni koliku štetu nanosi ta količina opasnih otrova u okolišu i time ignoriraju Odredbu Vijeća. Rezultati su itekako vidljivi na otoku. Svake godine sve je manje ptica, šišmiša, insekata, divljih životinja, plus iscrpljenog tla u poljima. Što se tiče zdravlja ljudi, koliko otočana boluje od raka? Postoji relativno visoka učestalost, uključujući rak prostate i dojke, leukemija, non-Hodgkins limfom, kao i problemi sa štitnjačom. Brojne su neurološke bolesti kao što je Parkinsonova bolest. Kemijski pesticidi mogu biti čimbenik svih ovih i mnogih drugih zdravstvenih problema.

Štetan utjecaj na turizam

Jedan važan dio ponude u hvarskom turizmu je 'netaknuta priroda'. Tragično, raširena uporaba pesticida potkopava temelje glavnih prednosti otoka.

Djelujte sada kako biste spasili ljude i sačuvali prekrasnu prirodu Hvara i Hrvatske za buduće generacije!

Vivian Grisogono MA(Oxon), studeni 2023.

Prijevod Josip Vlainić i dr.

Za detalje naših prijedloga nadležnim tjelima za spasiti ljudi i okoliš od štetnih učinaka kemijskih pesticida klinite ovdje.

Drugi srodni članci: Pesticidi, zašto nePesticidi pronađeni u kući u Svirčima na Hvaru; Testiranje na pesticide

Nalazite se ovdje: Home opasni otrovi Pesticidi: kontrola i odgovornost

Eco Environment News feeds

  • U-turn lifts limit from £1m to £2.5m after protests and warnings that family farms were at risk

    Ministers will increase the threshold for taxing inherited farmland from £1m to £2.5m after months of pressure from campaigners and MPs representing rural areas.

    In a statement slipped out just before Christmas, the environment department announced the U-turn, which will apply from April when the tax kicks in.

    Continue reading...

  • The activist and author of Here Comes the Sun discusses rapid advances in solar and wind power and how the US ceded leadership in the sector to its main rival

    Bill McKibben’s book The End of Nature, published in 1989, warned early of the dangers of climate changes and he has been campaigning and writing ever since. His most recent book, Here Comes the Sun, takes a look at the soaring potential of renewable energy

    Is your latest book a more optimistic take on this world?

    Continue reading...

  • Met Office says temperatures are tracking ahead of 2022 after year of heatwaves and drought, though late cold spell could yet intervene

    Forecasters say 2025 is “more likely than not” to break the record for the hottest year in the UK since records began, after a summer of heatwaves and drought followed by a mild autumn.

    According to the Met Office, the official forecaster, the mean temperature for 2025 is tracking well ahead of the previous highest year, set in 2022. However, a colder spell expected from Christmas until the new year makes it too close to call definitively.

    Continue reading...

  • Mass of congealed fat, oil and grease 100 metres in length found blocking sewers in Whitechapel area of capital

    A “fatberg” weighing an estimated 100 tonnes has been discovered blocking sewers in east London, officials have said.

    The mass of congealed fats, oils and grease measures about 100 metres long (328ft) and weighs about a third more than the heaviest of the British army’s battle tanks. It has been called the grandchild of the 2017 Whitechapel fatberg, which weighed 130 tonnes and stretched for more than 250 metres (820ft).

    Continue reading...

  • Speke, Merseyside: Walking through Stockton’s Wood today, you’d never know it played such a vital role in the second world war

    For most visitors, the Tudor house of Speke Hall, with all its rich history and magnificence, is the star of the show here. But right next door, Stockton’s Wood has a history all of its own.

    Today, on a chilly winter day, there’s no escaping that right now this ancient woodland is an important “deadwood” site. It’s rich in veteran trees and fallen branches, and has a stunning diversity of mosses and fungi. Pausing by a fallen oak, I count slime mould pimpling the bark, several species of small but perfectly formed bracket fungi, and candlesnuff fungus, fungal mycelium lurking where once sap flowed. A wind-thrown silver birch is caught in a sycamore’s embrace.

    Continue reading...

  • Rich Stockdale says model of ‘regenerative capitalism’ would maximise profits by planting trees, restoring peatlands, and installing windfarms across its estates

    The founder of an investment firm buying large estates across Britain to restore woods and peatland has said it is “unashamedly and proudly” capitalist, and plans to make tens of millions of pounds in profit.

    Rich Stockdale, the chief executive of Oxygen Conservation, said his model of “regenerative capitalism” was a “force for good” because it would offer investors significant profits by planting trees, restoring peatlands, operating solar farms and holiday homes and installing new windfarms across its estates.

    Continue reading...

  • Researchers have realised the records are a ‘goldmine’ to study changes in environmental conditions

    Yangang Xing had never heard of organ-tuning books, but his colleague Andrew Knight often played the pipe organ at churches as a teenager.

    When the pair, who are researchers at Nottingham Trent University, set out to study how environmental conditions in churches had changed over time, Knight explained that all over the country many organs had notebooks full of data tucked away in their recesses.

    This article was first published by The Reengineer

    Continue reading...

  • As the number of the semi-aquatic creatures soars so can tensions. But the Swiss have a tried and tested system to calm the neighbours and restore harmony

    “I hate beavers,” a woman tells the beaver hotline. Forty years ago she planted an oak tree in a small town in southern Zurich – now at the frontier of beaver expansion – and it has just been felled: gnawed by the large, semi-aquatic rodents as they enter their seasonal home-improvement mode.

    The caller is one of 10 new people getting in touch each week at this time of year. Beavers, nature’s great engineers, can unleash mayhem during winter as they renovate their lodges and build up their dams. For people, this can mean flooding, sinkholes appearing in roads and trees being felled. A single incident can clock up 70,000 Swiss francs (£65,000) in damages.

    Continue reading...

  • Our 20 favourite pieces of in-depth reporting, essays and profiles from the year

    Victor Pelevin made his name in 90s Russia with scathing satires of authoritarianism. But while his literary peers have faced censorship and fled the country, he still sells millions. Has he become a Kremlin apologist?

    Continue reading...

  • Thousands of farms set to go bankrupt as grain farmers in particular hit by trade disruptions caused by price hikes

    Donald Trump, having promised to “NEVER LET OUR FARMERS DOWN”, appeared to come through for them this month when he unveiled a $12bn aid package. Industry leaders say thousands of farms will still go bust this year.

    While the US president has vowed to increase domestic farm production, and even claimed this formed a “big part” of his plan to lower grocery prices for Americans, many US farmers are grappling with mounting financial issues – compounded by Trump’s agenda.

    Continue reading...

Novosti: Cybermed.hr

Novosti: Biologija.com

Izvor nije pronađen