Pesticidi: kontrola i odgovornost

Korištenje kemijskih otrova izmaklo se kontroli u velikom dijelu modernog svijeta. Zaštitne mjere u teoriji postoje, u praksi su nedovoljne. Na svakoj je razini odgovornosti potrebno unaprijediti praksu. Ovo su naši prijedlozi kako postići nužna unapređenja.

Pesticidi, odobrenja, skandali

Ove jeseni je zabranjeni pesticid Klorpirifos pronađen u hrvatskim mandarinama uzgajanim za domaće tržište, ali i za izvoz. Šok i nevjerica! No stvarno nevjerojatno je to što je ovaj pogubno opasan pesticid Europska Unija odobrila 1. lipnja davne 2006. godine. On se na široko koristio po cijeloj regiji sve dok nije formalno zabranjen 16. veljače 2020. godine, sa finalnim rokom uporabe do 16. travnja 2020. Ipak, evo ga još uvijek u uporabi tri godine nakon. Zašto je Klorpirifos uopće bio odobren, prije no što su obavljena nužna testiranja koja pokazuju razmjere štete koju uzrokuje? U najmanju ruku, zašto nije povučen čim su rizici postali jasni? Zašto ne postoji kontrola nad krajnjim korisnicima? Zašto potrošači nisu bolje zaštićeni?

Skandal s Klorpirifosom nije izolirani incident. Ovo nije ništa iznenađujuće, pošto se kemijski pesticidi odobravaju na temelju uglavnom neobjavljenih industrijskih studija; neovisna istraživanja štetnih učinaka zahtijevaju vremena, stoga njihovi rezultati dolaze mnogo kasnije. Krajnje je vrijeme da nadležni organi unaprijede zaštitne mjere i osiguraju njihovu primjenu u praksi. Europska Unija i Europska Komisija odgovorne su za većinu zakona koji se tiču kemijskih tvari. Države članice EU-a odgovorne su za pesticide koji se koriste na njihovom teritoriju. U Hrvatskoj je Ministarstvo poljoprivrede nadležno za regulaciju takozvanih „sredstava za zaštitu bilja“ koja se koriste u poljoprivredi. Ministarstvo zdravstva upravlja biocidima, kemikalijama čija bi uporaba trebala zaštititi ljudsko zdravlje. Biocidi se koriste u sklopu godišnjeg programa mjera suzbijanja patogenih mikroorganizama, štetnih člankonožaca i štetnih glodavaca, koje Ministarstvo zdravstva delegira Hrvatskom zavodu za javno zdravstvo, a on pak delegira program regionalnim zavodima za javno zdravstvo.

Europski neuspjeh

U studenom 2023. europske su vlasti odustale od pretvaranja da štite europske građane od štetnih učinaka kemijskih pesticida. Europski parlament nije izglasao zabranu herbicida Glifosat, a Europska komisija je tada predložila produljenje njegove dozvole za daljnjih deset godina. Europski parlament također nije u potpunosti podržao prijedlog 'Zelenog dogovora' (tzv. 'Green Deal') za smanjenje upotrebe pesticida u sljedećih nekoliko godina. Zašto? Zato što su odlučili ignorirati objavljena neovisna znanstvena istraživanja i volju tisuća građana EU-a, oslanjajući se na pretežno neobjavljene 'studije' financirane od agrokemijske industrije.

Sada je na nama red!

To znači da odgovornost za zaštitu ljudskog zdravlja i bioraznolikost okoliša izravno pada na sve nas. Nacionalne, regionalne i lokalne vlasti moraju provoditi potrebne politike, posebno u pogledu javnih prostora, parkova, šuma, izvora vode i morskog okoliša. Iznad svega, pojedinci moraju razumjeti opasnosti korištenja bilo koje vrste kemijskih pesticida u domovima, vrtovima ili poljima.

Zabrana pesticida u Općini Jelsa: primjeri loše prakse

Odredbom Vijeća (Službeni glasnik Općine Jelsa, 07.09.2010., III. Čl.32 / 9) već dugi niz godina zabranjeno je korištenje neekoloških sredstava, odnosno kemijskih pesticida za uništavanje korova i štetočina u javnim prostorima. Ipak, tijekom niza godina u praksi su korišteni u jelšanskom parku kemijski pesticidi kao što su Ouragan System 4 (aktivna tvar glifosat), Pyrinex 48EC (aktivna tvar klorpirifos) i Revive II (aktivna tvar emamektin benzoat). U travnju 2022. hvarske prometnice prskane su herbicidom iz kombija, oznakama 'Hrvatske Ceste'. Pojedini građani su koristili herbicide na javnim stazama, pa čak i na starim potocima, potpuno neovlašteno. Svake godine se sve prometnice prskaju tri puta tijekom ljeta piretroidnim insekticidima i to sredstvima koja su zabranjena u EU-u za vanjsku upotrebu, jer su previše opasna za okoliš i pčele.

Ignoriranje Odredbi

Očito ljudi nisu svjesni koliku štetu nanosi ta količina opasnih otrova u okolišu i time ignoriraju Odredbu Vijeća. Rezultati su itekako vidljivi na otoku. Svake godine sve je manje ptica, šišmiša, insekata, divljih životinja, plus iscrpljenog tla u poljima. Što se tiče zdravlja ljudi, koliko otočana boluje od raka? Postoji relativno visoka učestalost, uključujući rak prostate i dojke, leukemija, non-Hodgkins limfom, kao i problemi sa štitnjačom. Brojne su neurološke bolesti kao što je Parkinsonova bolest. Kemijski pesticidi mogu biti čimbenik svih ovih i mnogih drugih zdravstvenih problema.

Štetan utjecaj na turizam

Jedan važan dio ponude u hvarskom turizmu je 'netaknuta priroda'. Tragično, raširena uporaba pesticida potkopava temelje glavnih prednosti otoka.

Djelujte sada kako biste spasili ljude i sačuvali prekrasnu prirodu Hvara i Hrvatske za buduće generacije!

Vivian Grisogono MA(Oxon), studeni 2023.

Prijevod Josip Vlainić i dr.

Za detalje naših prijedloga nadležnim tjelima za spasiti ljudi i okoliš od štetnih učinaka kemijskih pesticida klinite ovdje.

Drugi srodni članci: Pesticidi, zašto nePesticidi pronađeni u kući u Svirčima na Hvaru; Testiranje na pesticide

Nalazite se ovdje: Home opasni otrovi Pesticidi: kontrola i odgovornost

Eco Environment News feeds

  • National Trust says one year after reintroduction they are enriching habitats and may be having kits this summer

    They were released this time last year with fanfare, much hope and also, perhaps, a little trepidation.

    Twelve months on, there have been ups and downs for the first beavers to be (officially) reintroduced into the wild in England since the semiaquatic mammals were hunted to extinction 400 years ago.

    Continue reading...

  • Conserving the watershed of the Tana and improving farming methods is securing water supplies and livelihoods alike in a changing climate

    When in 2017 David Nyoro became one of the first farmers to partner with Africa’s first water fund to conserve the watershed of Kenya’s biggest river, he received 180 high-value avocado seedlings. The 67-year-old’s farming methods had been dominated by annual crops that left large sections of his five-acre piece of land bare, increasing soil erosion and contributing to river sedimentation. “We used to lose a lot of topsoil to the river. Such loss of soil nutrients and poor farming practices meant we had less farm produce,” he says.

    The avocado seedlings enabled him to grow his farm income to close to 2m Kenyan shillings (about £11,500 at today’s exchange rates), with each mature avocado tree yielding 70kg (154lbs) annually. He introduced cover crops to improve soil health and reduce soil erosion and sediment loads.

    Continue reading...

  • Number fell 23% year on year in 2025 but waste companies say recycling systems still under strain from sheer volume

    More than 6m vapes and vape pods are still being discarded every week in the UK, with waste management companies warning the sheer volume continues to strain recycling systems despite the ban on disposable e-cigarettes.

    According to research by the recycling campaign group Material Focus, the 6.3m vapes and pods thrown away each week in 2025 represented a 23% reduction from the previous year.

    Continue reading...

  • Lots of us aren’t very keen on bats. But the more we find out about them, the more amazing they turn out to be

    Bats have a bad rep: in a recent survey by the Bat Conservation Trust (BCT), 46% of people expressed negative feelings about bats. But just look at them! Bat carer Liz Vinson, a volunteer with the BCT, calls them “little furry humans with huge jazz hands. They have individual characters: some are divas; some are bone idle.”

    Shirley Thompson, BCT’s honorary education officer, has been championing bats since the 1980s. “I still think they’re magic,” she says. “The more you find out about them, the more you realise what amazing creatures they are.”

    Continue reading...

  • Strikes on oil facilities burned thousands of tons of stored fuel, producing a pall of toxic smoke

    Black rain fell in Iran earlier this month, a grim phenomenon seen previously in other war zones.

    Strikes on oil facilities burned thousands of tons of stored fuel. Unlike the clean controlled combustion inside an engine, uncontrolled burning leaves many particles of unburned fuel, producing a pall of toxic smoke over affected areas.

    Continue reading...

  • Deerness Valley, County Durham: Rushes were matches before matches were invented, vital to the rural poor for a little light in the dark. Time to give them a try myself

    From a distance, with a little imagination, they look like a prickle of porcupines. Closer, they are spiky clumps of soft-rush Juncus effusus: prolific seed-setters, invaders with relentlessly spreading rhizomes, which seem to creep further across this pasture with every passing year. A native plant revelling in our new climate, after another mild, wet winter tips the struggle for domination of waterlogged grazing land even further in its favour.

    Superficially, this is one of the least charismatic members of our native flora, with its bundles of long, olive green, quill-like leaves, but splitting these open reveals hidden beauty. Inside lies pith packed with tiny silver star-shaped cells, with their rays joined at their tips, forming a three-dimensional lattice: Stellate parenchyma in botanical parlance.

    Continue reading...

  • This week’s best wildlife photographs from around the world

    Continue reading...

  • Rena Effendi’s film Searching for Satyrus began with a quest for the endangered insect that bears her family name. Before long, she was reckoning with secrets, lies and the mysterious life of her wayward dad

    High in the Caucasus mountains, the photojournalist Rena Effendi is searching for the butterfly that bears the name of the father she hardly knew. It is rocky, bleak, beautiful – and impossible. The grass is fried yellow by the increasingly fierce summer sun, the butterfly’s food has been grazed by sheep and, if it exists at all, Satyrus effendi usually flies only as a single insect across a square kilometre of rock, scree and slope.

    A butterfly hunt makes an unlikely subject for a prize-winning documentary, but Searching for Satyrus is a gripping quest that reveals a remarkable part of the world little known to western audiences while examining issues from war and nationalism to global heating and extinction. Ultimately, however, Effendi’s search for her father’s butterfly becomes a moving reckoning with the secrets and lies in her family and the life of her wayward father.

    Continue reading...

  • Jono Ridler has battled loneliness and fatigue as he aims to break the record for the longest unassisted staged swim – and raise awareness about fragile marine life

    First he hears a faint chatter coming from the ocean depths, then clicks and squeaks as the creatures draw closer. From the murky edges of his goggles they appear, swift and agile, darting within 10cm of his bare outstretched arms and following him for a time, as he swims hundreds of metres off the coast of New Zealand.

    Jono Ridler, an ultra-distance swimmer who is 1,254km (779 miles) into his world record attempt for the longest-ever unassisted staged swim, has learned to hear dolphins more than 15 minutes before they reach him and long before his support boats can see them.

    Continue reading...

  • Scisters Salon & Apothecary in the San Diego area is committed to sustainable beauty and going low-waste

    The first thing you notice when you walk into Scisters Salon & Apothecary is what isn’t there. No wall of glossy plastic bottles promising “repair” or “shine”. No sharp chemical tang or aerosol haze. The only trash can is a tiny basket that mostly collects coffee cups and gum wrappers clients bring from home.

    Instead, the shelves of this southern California salon are lined with large refill containers of shampoo and conditioner, houseplants dot the space, hair clippings are swept away for compost, and the air carries a trace of bergamot and vanilla.

    Continue reading...

Novosti: Cybermed.hr

Novosti: Biologija.com

Izvor nije pronađen