Pesticidi: kontrola i odgovornost

Korištenje kemijskih otrova izmaklo se kontroli u velikom dijelu modernog svijeta. Zaštitne mjere u teoriji postoje, u praksi su nedovoljne. Na svakoj je razini odgovornosti potrebno unaprijediti praksu. Ovo su naši prijedlozi kako postići nužna unapređenja.

Pesticidi, odobrenja, skandali

Ove jeseni je zabranjeni pesticid Klorpirifos pronađen u hrvatskim mandarinama uzgajanim za domaće tržište, ali i za izvoz. Šok i nevjerica! No stvarno nevjerojatno je to što je ovaj pogubno opasan pesticid Europska Unija odobrila 1. lipnja davne 2006. godine. On se na široko koristio po cijeloj regiji sve dok nije formalno zabranjen 16. veljače 2020. godine, sa finalnim rokom uporabe do 16. travnja 2020. Ipak, evo ga još uvijek u uporabi tri godine nakon. Zašto je Klorpirifos uopće bio odobren, prije no što su obavljena nužna testiranja koja pokazuju razmjere štete koju uzrokuje? U najmanju ruku, zašto nije povučen čim su rizici postali jasni? Zašto ne postoji kontrola nad krajnjim korisnicima? Zašto potrošači nisu bolje zaštićeni?

Skandal s Klorpirifosom nije izolirani incident. Ovo nije ništa iznenađujuće, pošto se kemijski pesticidi odobravaju na temelju uglavnom neobjavljenih industrijskih studija; neovisna istraživanja štetnih učinaka zahtijevaju vremena, stoga njihovi rezultati dolaze mnogo kasnije. Krajnje je vrijeme da nadležni organi unaprijede zaštitne mjere i osiguraju njihovu primjenu u praksi. Europska Unija i Europska Komisija odgovorne su za većinu zakona koji se tiču kemijskih tvari. Države članice EU-a odgovorne su za pesticide koji se koriste na njihovom teritoriju. U Hrvatskoj je Ministarstvo poljoprivrede nadležno za regulaciju takozvanih „sredstava za zaštitu bilja“ koja se koriste u poljoprivredi. Ministarstvo zdravstva upravlja biocidima, kemikalijama čija bi uporaba trebala zaštititi ljudsko zdravlje. Biocidi se koriste u sklopu godišnjeg programa mjera suzbijanja patogenih mikroorganizama, štetnih člankonožaca i štetnih glodavaca, koje Ministarstvo zdravstva delegira Hrvatskom zavodu za javno zdravstvo, a on pak delegira program regionalnim zavodima za javno zdravstvo.

Europski neuspjeh

U studenom 2023. europske su vlasti odustale od pretvaranja da štite europske građane od štetnih učinaka kemijskih pesticida. Europski parlament nije izglasao zabranu herbicida Glifosat, a Europska komisija je tada predložila produljenje njegove dozvole za daljnjih deset godina. Europski parlament također nije u potpunosti podržao prijedlog 'Zelenog dogovora' (tzv. 'Green Deal') za smanjenje upotrebe pesticida u sljedećih nekoliko godina. Zašto? Zato što su odlučili ignorirati objavljena neovisna znanstvena istraživanja i volju tisuća građana EU-a, oslanjajući se na pretežno neobjavljene 'studije' financirane od agrokemijske industrije.

Sada je na nama red!

To znači da odgovornost za zaštitu ljudskog zdravlja i bioraznolikost okoliša izravno pada na sve nas. Nacionalne, regionalne i lokalne vlasti moraju provoditi potrebne politike, posebno u pogledu javnih prostora, parkova, šuma, izvora vode i morskog okoliša. Iznad svega, pojedinci moraju razumjeti opasnosti korištenja bilo koje vrste kemijskih pesticida u domovima, vrtovima ili poljima.

Zabrana pesticida u Općini Jelsa: primjeri loše prakse

Odredbom Vijeća (Službeni glasnik Općine Jelsa, 07.09.2010., III. Čl.32 / 9) već dugi niz godina zabranjeno je korištenje neekoloških sredstava, odnosno kemijskih pesticida za uništavanje korova i štetočina u javnim prostorima. Ipak, tijekom niza godina u praksi su korišteni u jelšanskom parku kemijski pesticidi kao što su Ouragan System 4 (aktivna tvar glifosat), Pyrinex 48EC (aktivna tvar klorpirifos) i Revive II (aktivna tvar emamektin benzoat). U travnju 2022. hvarske prometnice prskane su herbicidom iz kombija, oznakama 'Hrvatske Ceste'. Pojedini građani su koristili herbicide na javnim stazama, pa čak i na starim potocima, potpuno neovlašteno. Svake godine se sve prometnice prskaju tri puta tijekom ljeta piretroidnim insekticidima i to sredstvima koja su zabranjena u EU-u za vanjsku upotrebu, jer su previše opasna za okoliš i pčele.

Ignoriranje Odredbi

Očito ljudi nisu svjesni koliku štetu nanosi ta količina opasnih otrova u okolišu i time ignoriraju Odredbu Vijeća. Rezultati su itekako vidljivi na otoku. Svake godine sve je manje ptica, šišmiša, insekata, divljih životinja, plus iscrpljenog tla u poljima. Što se tiče zdravlja ljudi, koliko otočana boluje od raka? Postoji relativno visoka učestalost, uključujući rak prostate i dojke, leukemija, non-Hodgkins limfom, kao i problemi sa štitnjačom. Brojne su neurološke bolesti kao što je Parkinsonova bolest. Kemijski pesticidi mogu biti čimbenik svih ovih i mnogih drugih zdravstvenih problema.

Štetan utjecaj na turizam

Jedan važan dio ponude u hvarskom turizmu je 'netaknuta priroda'. Tragično, raširena uporaba pesticida potkopava temelje glavnih prednosti otoka.

Djelujte sada kako biste spasili ljude i sačuvali prekrasnu prirodu Hvara i Hrvatske za buduće generacije!

Vivian Grisogono MA(Oxon), studeni 2023.

Prijevod Josip Vlainić i dr.

Za detalje naših prijedloga nadležnim tjelima za spasiti ljudi i okoliš od štetnih učinaka kemijskih pesticida klinite ovdje.

Drugi srodni članci: Pesticidi, zašto nePesticidi pronađeni u kući u Svirčima na Hvaru; Testiranje na pesticide

Nalazite se ovdje: Home opasni otrovi Pesticidi: kontrola i odgovornost

Eco Environment News feeds

  • East Midlands electric car club helps residents and cuts emissions – but the need for a volunteer-led scheme reflects a much wider problem

    In the aftermath of the Covid pandemic Miriam Stoate, a regenerative farmer from rural Leicestershire, noticed that too many people in her small village in England’s East Midlands were struggling to get around.

    Although there were plenty of cars parked in Tilton, too often she found some of the village’s residents did not have access to one when they really needed it.

    Continue reading...

  • Sarah Eberle hopes to inspire people to nurture where town and countryside meet and nature is need of protection

    Stinging nettles, buttercups, broken crockery, fly-tipped flowers and a discarded gnome are not the usual hallmarks of an RHS Chelsea flower show garden.

    But this year’s On the Edge garden by Sarah Eberle – the most decorated designer at Chelsea – is designed not to look like a garden at all, rather to transport its visitors to the liminal spaces on the outskirts of towns where the countryside begins and nature is in critical need of protection.

    Continue reading...

  • Emissions understated by factor of five in Essex plans for tech giant, while Greystoke’s Lincolnshire plans show similar error

    Developers working for Google have significantly misstated how much carbon two proposed AI datacentres will contribute to the UK’s total emissions in planning documents reviewed by the Guardian.

    The tech company wants to build two huge datacentres – one 52-hectare (130 acre) project in Thurrock and another at an airfield in North Weald, both in Essex. To do so, developers are required to submit planning documents calculating how much carbon these projects will emit as a proportion of the UK’s total carbon footprint.

    Continue reading...

  • National Geographic photographer and WWF ambassador Jasper Doest joined conservation teams during the latest mountain gorilla census in Bwindi Impenetrable national park, taking pictures of the apes and the people essential to their survival

    Continue reading...

  • With the war on Iran, Ukraine, AI and climate breakdown increasing the likelihood of a nuclear war, the clock stands closer to midnight than ever before. So who decides how many seconds we have left – and can we buy ourselves more time?

    The Earth is getting hotter. Conflicts are raging, in the Middle East and Ukraine, each increasing the chance of nuclear war. AI is infiltrating almost every aspect of our lives, despite its unpredictability and tendency to hallucinate. Scientists, tinkering in labs, risk introducing new, deadly pathogens, more destructive than Covid. Our pandemic response preparedness has weakened. The Doomsday Clock – a large, quarter clock with no numbers, keeps ticking, counting down the seconds until the apocalypse. Tick. Tick. Tick. In January, we reached 85 seconds to midnight. Experts believe humanity has never stood so close to the brink.

    “What we have seen is a slow almost sleepwalk into increasing dangers over the last decade. And we see these problems growing. We see science advancing at a rate that defies our ability to understand it, much less control it,” says Alexandra Bell, CEO of the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, the organisation that sets the Doomsday Clock. She speaks of the “complete failure in leadership” in the US and other countries, which are doing little to address global, catastrophic threats, even as they feed into one another. Climate change increases global conflict, for instance, and the incorporation of AI into nuclear decision-making is, frankly, terrifying.

    Continue reading...

  • Findings come after third-hottest April on record globally and amid fears of more brutal European summer weather

    Economic inequality adds more than 100,000 deaths to the vast toll from heat and cold in Europe each year, research has found.

    Cutting levels of inequality to match that of Europe’s most equal region, Slovenia, as measured by the Gini index, would reduce temperature-related mortality by as much as 30%, equating to 109,866 people, the study found.

    Continue reading...

  • Brigg, Lincolnshire: We work these vehicles hard and they will have problems, but today was really not the day for a steaming bonnet

    There’s never a good time for a tractor to break down, but this was exceptional timing. Late April was very dry as predicted, and with a change in weather prospects, the birdfood seed needed to go in. The purpose of this “crop” is to fill the birds’ winter hunger gap, and it has to be sown in a narrow window: after the early May frosts, but before the soil dries out too much.

    We had just delivered the trailer of seed to the field, and were on the road returning to the farm, to collect the rolls that press the seed into the soil. As we passed through Brigg, the lights appeared on the dashboard and steam started to appear from the bonnet. This was our smallest and newest tractor. Hurriedly, we pulled into a driveway, water pouring from under the engine. Half on and half off the road, we started to collect traffic behind us. A quick look justified a call to the tractor dealers – it was a tricky job and the clock was ticking.

    Continue reading...

  • London mayor talks up coalition-building, highlights his environmental record, and worries national Labour party is on the wrong track

    When Sadiq Khan was first elected as mayor of London 10 years ago, Barack Obama was US president, the UK was still in the European Union and Leicester City had just been crowned the unlikely champions of the English Premier League.

    In the intervening decade, Donald Trump has gone from reality TV star to two-time US president, the UK has had six different prime ministers, and Brexit has convulsed the country. London has been rocked by tragedies ranging from terror attacks to the Grenfell Tower fire.

    Continue reading...

  • With the help of citizen scientists, researchers studying rare humpback ‘jaw-gaping’ believe the move could be a social display

    Off the coast of Western Australia, a humpback whale is “pirouetting”, sweeping its pectoral fins through the water, its massive jaw hanging wide open. Surrounded by companions, the animal isn’t lunging for a meal: rather, it is putting on a mysterious behavioural display.

    This underwater ballet, captured on camera by an onlooker and shared online, is one of the clearest examples of a rarely documented phenomenon known as “gaping”.

    Continue reading...

  • Warming ocean waters are priming beaches and raw shellfish for Vibrio even as scientists are trying to stay one step ahead

    Bailey Magers and Sunil Kumar cut strange figures on Pensacola Beach. Bags of disinfectant solution surrounded them on the white sand; their gloved hands juggled test tubes while layers of rubber and plastic shielded their skin from the elements. As the two organized their seawater samples on the popular Florida shoreline last August, an older woman wearing a swimsuit walked over to ask what they were doing.

    “We’re just actively monitoring water quality,” they told her, but she pressed on.

    Continue reading...

Novosti: Cybermed.hr

Novosti: Biologija.com

Izvor nije pronađen