Exclusive: Summit leadership ignores letter from 29 nations threatening to block progress without commitment to transition
A new draft text on the outcome of the Cop30 climate talks that contains no mention of a phase-out of fossil fuels was published on Friday morning, despite countries supporting such action having threatened to block any agreement without it.
The Guardian revealed on Thursday night that at least 29 nations supporting a phase-out of fossil fuels at the climate summit had sent a letter to the Brazilian Cop presidency threatening to block any agreement that did not include such a commitment, in a significant escalation of tensions at the crunch talks. The leaked letter demanded that the roadmap be included in the outcome of the talks, which are due to end on Friday but are likely to continue into the weekend.
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Climate sceptics tell us that more people die of extreme cold than extreme heat. What’s the truth?
I began by trying to discover whether or not a widespread belief was true. In doing so, I tripped across something even bigger: an index of the world’s indifference. I already knew that by burning fossil fuels, gorging on meat and dairy, and failing to make even simple changes, the rich world imposes a massive burden of disaster, displacement and death on people whose responsibility for the climate crisis is minimal. What I’ve now stumbled into is the vast black hole of our ignorance about these impacts.
What I wanted to discover was whether it’s true that nine times as many of the world’s people die of cold than of heat. The figure is often used by people who want to delay climate action: if we do nothing, some maintain, fewer will die. Of course, they gloss over all the other impacts of climate breakdown: the storms, floods, droughts, fires, crop failures, disease and sea level rise. But is this claim, at least, correct?
George Monbiot is a Guardian columnist
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Since 1995, when the first Cop was held, carbon levels have increased from 360.67 parts per million to 426.68 parts now
In 1995, when the first “conference of the parties” (Cop) of the UN’s climate change convention met in Berlin, the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration was approximately 360.67 parts per million. The then German chancellor, Helmut Kohl, gave a passionate speech about how greenhouse gases must be reduced to save the planet from overheating. There was a relatively unknown East German woman, the environment minister, Angela Merkel, chairing the conference. She was red hot at keeping order. The UK journalists concluded she would have a bright future.
Immediately after the conference I was commissioned to write a book about climate change called Global Warming: Can Civilization Survive? It sold well and was the first of several.
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This week’s best wildlife photographs from around the world
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Winkworth Arboretum, Surrey: This song is not the same as the full-throated spring version, and it’s impossible not to reply to
The arboretum feels like a place in slow transition. The trees are ablaze in shades of maroon, crimson, copper, amber and gold, but with every breath of wind, leaves detach and float to the ground. The spongy bark of a coastal redwood yields under my fingertips. Caught in a crevice, a single downy feather marks where a tree creeper roosted overnight. I scan the surrounding trees, listening out for the high-pitched seeee-seeee-seeee contact call they make as they spiral up a trunk, but there’s no sign.
The birdlife has quietened. All we can hear are carrion crows cawing from the treetops, an occasional croak from a ring-necked pheasant lurking in the bracken, and the wispy voices of a pair of goldcrests probing for insects in the canopy of a weeping Japanese maple.
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She was sure that there would be warnings if there was any danger. But then the floods came. This is Toñi García’s story
Location Valencia, Spain
Disaster Floods, 2024
Toñi García lives in Valencia. On 29 October 2024, devastating storms hit the Iberian peninsula, bringing the heaviest rain so far this century. The national alert system sounded at around8.30pm local time; by then, however, flood waters had already broken through the city. Scientists say the explosive downpours were linked to climate change.
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Scientists discover thousands of sea creatures have made their homes amid the detritus of abandoned second world war munitions off the coast of Germany
In the brackish waters off the German coast lies a wasteland of Nazi bombs, torpedo heads and mines. Thrown off barges at the end of the second world war and forgotten about, thousands of munitions have become matted together over the years. They form a rusting carpet on the shallow, muddy seafloor of the Bay of Lübeck in the western tip of the Baltic Sea.
Over the decades, the Nazi arsenal was ignored and forgotten about. A growing number of tourists flocked to the sandy beaches and calm waters for jetskiing, kite surfing and amusement parks. Beneath the surface, the weapons decayed.
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Ending use of coal, oil and gas is essential in tackling climate crisis – but even talking about it is controversial
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Climate summit in Brazil needs to find way to stop global heating accelerating amid stark divisions
“It broke my heart.” Surangel Whipps, president of the tiny Pacific nation of Palau, was sitting in the front row of the UN’s general assembly in New York when Donald Trump made a long and rambling speech, his first to the UN since his re-election, on 23 September.
Whipps was prepared for fury and bombast from the US president, but what followed was shocking. Trump’s rant on the climate crisis – a “green scam”, “the greatest con job ever perpetrated”, “predictions made by stupid people” – was an unprecedented attack on science and global action from a major world leader.
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Brazil’s president welcomes world leaders while navigating divided government, promising action on deforestation and emissions
Brazil’s president, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, has welcomed world leaders to Belém for the first climate summit in the Amazon, where conservationists hope he can be a champion for the rainforest and its people.
But with a divided administration, a hostile Congress and 20th-century developmentalist instincts, this global figurehead of the centre left has a balancing act to perform in advocating protection of nature and a reduction of emissions.
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Prema rezultatima novog istraživanja, osobe s krvnom grupom A suočavaju s većom vjerojatnošću autoimune bolesti jetre, posebno primarnog bilijarnog kolangitisa, dok se one s krvnom grupom B čine manje ranjivima. Autoimuna bolest jetre kronična je bolest uzrokovana imunološki posredovanim autoagresivnim upalnim odgovorom kod genetski predisponiranih osoba. Postoji nekoliko oblika, uključujući autoimuni hepatitis, primarni bilijarni kolangitis i primarni sklerozirajući kolangitis.
Rak mokraćnog mjehura ubraja se među deset najčešćih vrsta raka u svijetu. Glavni tretman je operacija uklanjanja mokraćnog mjehura, a unatoč napretku u sistemskim terapijama, recidiv je čest kod najagresivnijih oblika bolesti. Iz tog razloga znanstvenici traže manje invazivne i učinkovitije strategije za borbu protiv njega.
Rezultati nove studije pokazali su da pacijenti s uznapredovalim bazocelularnim karcinomom (BCC) mogu imati koristi od primanja imunoterapije ranije u tijeku liječenja. Naime, pokazalo se, da je primjena nivolumaba kao prve linije liječenja, imala za rezultat objektivnu stopu odgovora (ORR) od 52% kod 29 pacijenata s neoperabilnim BCC-om.
Izraelski znanstvenici identificirali su jedinstveni mehanizam uključen u starenje imunološkog sustava. Naime, otkrili su da je ključni čimbenik u ovom procesu starenje slezene, koja je vitalni organ u imunološkom sustavu.
Sve više dokaza povezuje funkciju skeletnih mišića s kognitivnim zdravljem. Sada nova studija pruža dokaze da ključ borbe protiv Alzheimerove bolesti možda leži ne samo u mozgu, već i u našim mišićima. U središtu ovog novog otkrića je katepsin B (Ctsb), proteza koju mišići oslobađaju tijekom vježbanja, a koja može utjecati na funkciju pamćenja.
Uspješno liječenje korijenskog kanala moglo bi smanjiti upalu povezanu sa srčanim bolestima i poboljšati razinu šećera i kolesterola u krvi, pokuzuje nova studija. Inače, zubne infekcije (apikalni parodontitis) mogu uzrokovati ulazak bakterija u krvotok i povećanje upale, što je povezano s rizicima za zdravlje srca i smanjenom sposobnošću kontrole razine šećera u krvi.
Vjerojatnost visokog krvnog tlaka (hipertenzije) očito je veća među ljudima koji imaju i sleep apneju i nesanicu (insomniju), pokazuje nova švedska studija. Inače, visoki krvni tlak jedan je od najvažnijih čimbenika rizika za srčani i moždani udar. Povišeni krvni tlak može imati mnogo temeljnih uzroka, poput pretilosti, stresa ili bolesti bubrega.
Desetljećima su znanstvenici znali da mitohondriji, koji proizvode energiju unutar naših stanica, ne funkcioniraju ispravno kod Parkinsonove bolesti. No, ključno pitanje ostalo je: uzrokuje li zatajenje mitohondrija Parkinsonovu bolest ili se oni oštećuju kada moždane stanice umiru tijekom bolesti?
Izgleda da, Nigella sativa (crni kim), začin koji se dugo koristi kao ljekovita biljka u tradicionalnoj medicini zbog svojih antioksidativnih i protuupalnih učinaka, može pomoći u poboljšanju lipidnog profila, pokazuje nova studija.
Sunčeva svjetlost je vitalna za ljudsko zdravlje jer pomaže tijelu u proizvodnji esencijalnih hranjivih tvari, poput vitamina D. Međutim, previše izlaganja suncu može značajno povećati rizik od raka kože. U novoj studiji provedenoj u SAD-u otkriveno je kako dugotrajno izlaganje ultraljubičastom (UV) zračenju može izazvati upalu u stanicama kože putem razgradnje ključnog proteina zvanog YTHDF2 koji sprječava da normalne stanice kože postanu kancerogene.