„Pernati“ turizam: Hvarske pčelarice privlače Engleze

Objavljeno u Zanimljivosti

Prekrasna priroda je pravo blago Otoka Hvara, i vrijedi nju pažljivo zaštiti, ne samo za goste ali isto tako za mještane. 

Pčelarica Pčelarica Foto: John Ball

Ptice su veliko blago otoka Hvara i Dalmacije općenito, međutim, da li ih dovoljno cijenimo i čuvamo? Ima ljudi koji ih prate i vole, ali nažalost postoji dosta razloga za zabrinutost. U prvom redu klimatske promjene značajno utječu na raznolikost ptičjeg svijeta, primjerice na škoju susrećemo galebove i vodomare, a ostalo je još nešto i ptica pjevica. Čovjek je ipak najpresudniji čimbenik u svome okruženju, ukoliko bude održavao lokve i izvore pitke vode na Otoku sunca bi i ubuduće mogli viđati vodarice, pa čak i močvarne ptice, kao što su patka pupčanica, pršljivac, močvarna strnadica, žalar cirikavac, vranac, vlastelica, čaplja, itd.

žalar cirikavac. Foto: Steve Jones

Čuveni suri orao živi uglavnom u sjevernom dijelu Lijepe Naše, ali Hvar također ima nekoliko prekrasnih grabljivica, među njima su: eja strnjarica, vjetruša, škanjac, sova, ćuk, jastreb kokošar i kobac. Ptice su pravi mamac za brojne turiste koji vole prirodu, i mnogi entuzijasti dolaze na škoj samo da bi vidjeli sve te vrste kojih nema u njihovim državama. Steve Jones, Englez koji živi u Dolu i godinama promatra ptice na Hvaru, bilježio je ponašanje ptica na otoku. Naprimjer, crvendać i mrka crvenrepka su zimovalice u tom kraju, premda imaju neke sasvim drukčije navike u ostalim djelovima Hrvatske i u drugim državama.

Mrka crvenrepka. Foto: Steve Jones

Grdelini, pupavci, vuge...

Strancima su posebna atrakcija ptice kao što su gardelini, vatroglavi kraljići, zlatoglavi kraljići, pupavci, vuge i pčelarice.

Vuga. Foto: Steve Jones

U okolici Jelse svake godine dolaze pčelarice, koje stižu uglavnom u travnju i stvaraju svoja gnijezda uvijek u istim mjestima u pjeskovitom tlu, a ljeta provode veselo loveći insekte sve dok ne odlaze na kraju sezone. Vivian Grisogono, predsjednica udruge "Eco Hvar", često dobiva upite, gdje ih se može vidjeti, a nakon komunikacije s gostima neki od njih dolaze baš u to mjesto s ciljem da ih razgledavaju, osobito iz Engleske.

Pčelarica. Foto: John Ball

Iskustven promatrač ptica John Ball bio je oduševljen, a poslije njegove posjete Jelsi rekao je da je taj prvi susret s pčelaricama za njega bio izuzetan 'adrenalinski događaj'. Will Rose i Eugénie Dunsten su danima pripovijedali da im je promatranje pčelarica i njihovih gnijezda bilo predivno i nezaboravno.

Pčelarica. Foto: John Ball

U svibnju je Will pisao gospođi Vivian da im je jako žao što ove godine zbog epidemije koronavirusa najvjerojatnije neće moći vidjeti pčelarice i vuge u našoj zemlji, pa preporučuje da barem mi uživamo u tim prekrasnim bićima umjesto njih! Očito postoje ljudi koji se rado vraćaju u Hrvatsku da bi ponovili takva ili doživjeli neka slična iskustva.

Eugénie, Will i Steve promatraju ptice. Foto: Vivian Grisogono

„Odletjela“ velika jata ptica: Gdje su grdelini, lugarini, frzelini, faganeli, verduni, krstokljuni?

No, svake godine je nažalost sve manje ptica koje bi mogli promatrati. To bilježi i gospodin Steve, dok se Jelšanin Ivica Drinković još iz djetinjstva sjeća velikih jata ptica iznad Jelse. Kad se na škoj vratio 2005. nakon devet godina provedenih na privremenom radu u Njemačkoj, odmah je primijetio da je ptica znatno manje. Sada naposljetku opaža da nekih vrsta u prirodi više uopće nema, tako se u okolici Jelse gdje svakodnevno provodi svoje slobodno vrijeme vrlo rijetko može vidjeti: grdelin (češljugar, carduelis carduelis), lugarin (češljugar, carduelis spinus), frzelin (žutarica, serinus serinus), faganel (obična juričica, acanthis cannabina), verdun (zelendur, chloris chloris), pa i krstokljun (loxia krvirostra)“ – veli Vivian.

Gardelin. Foto: Steve Jones

Razlozi takvih gubitaka su, kako dodaje, uistinu kompleksni. Zna da na neke čimbenike vrlo teško možemo utjecati (klima i slično), ali ima i onih koje se zasigurno može prevenirati. Što se tiče ptica pjevica na Hvaru postojala je jedna dugoročna tradicija da ih mještani love i stavljaju u kaveze kako bi im lijepo pjevale. Udruga "Eco Hvar" dobila je nekoliko pritužbi stranaca, pismenih i usmenih, radi nehumanih uvjeta u kojima žive te jadne ptice. Sada je taj lov na svu sreću zakonski zabranjen, mada ga neki neodgovorni pojedinci navodno još uvijek prakticiraju.

Ptice osuđene na život u malom kavezu

Mnoge ptice, osobito pčelarice, izgubile su svoja staništa. Njihova dva velika staništa u blizini Jelse godinama su devastirana za potrebe građevinskih materijala (jarine), stoga tamo više ni ne dolaze u tako velikom broju kao prije. Ipak, najveći problem je zasigurno korištenje pesticida.

Devastirano stanište pčelarica. Foto: Vivian Grisogono

Korisna zadaća u prirodi

Vivian Grisogono je poznato da herbicidi truju ptice koje imaju gnijezda na zemlji i jedu crve te ostalu hranu iz tla; insekticidima se truju insekti koji su glavno jelo za više vrsta ptica; larvicidi u lokvama truju hranu vodenim pticama; a fungicidi koji se koriste na veliko za vrijeme vegetacije, osobito kod uzgoja vinove loze, isto tako imaju loš utjecaj.

Otočni težaci nisu jedini koji koriste otrove, ona se uvjerila da to čine i lokalne vlasti, npr. oko Hvara svake godine su tri hektara šume prskana s "Bti", insekticidom koji šteti reprodukciji ptica, dok se tri puta kroz ljetnu sezonu sve ceste i putovi prskaju s piretroidima koji su izuzetno štetni za insekte, pa čak za mačke i pse. Posve nerazumno, zar ne?

A što još reći, poznati splitski novinar, pokojni Miljenko Smoje, u svojoj knjizi kolumni "Dalmatinska pisma" (str. 117) svoje sugrađane je opisivao kako "...su na stare splitske kuće ostavjali buže....[jer] 'prokleta kuća koju tica ne naseli!'" Drugim riječima, ako se nastavi trend nestajanja ptica u našim krajevima onda ćemo zasigurno izgubiti izuzetno važan dio prirodnog lanca, jer svaka ptica ima svoju korisnu ulogu u prirodi. Izgleda da smo veoma loše savladali tu lekciju od naših predaka, oni su uvelike poštivali i voljeli ptice, prirodu u cjelini, pa učinimo stoga i mi sve što je u našoj moći da Hvaru vratimo bogatstvo koje je nekad imao.

© Mirko Crnčević / Dobra Kob 2020.

Nalazite se ovdje: Home zanimljivosti „Pernati“ turizam: Hvarske pčelarice privlače Engleze

Eco Environment News feeds

  • Ed Miliband says only clean power will provide ‘energy sovereignty’ amid opposition calls for oil and gas expansion

    Ministers have said expanding North Sea drilling would put the UK at further risk from volatile fossil fuel markets, amid calls from the Conservatives and some Labour MPs to breach the manifesto pledge of no new oil and gas licences.

    The energy minister Michael Shanks said the UK was “learning the right lessons from this conflict so that we’re not exposed to fossil fuels in the same way again, because this isn’t the first time that households across the country have paid the price of our exposure to gas”.

    Continue reading...

  • The fishery is regulated but experts say it is wrecking the food chain. Gordon Peake joined a Sea Shepherd mission to observe the giant ships compete for catch

    It is bitterly cold on the deck of the Allankay and the bosun, Luca Massari, is checking that none of us are wearing contact lenses before we descend into Antarctic waters. There is a risk, he warns, that lenses will freeze solid over the eyes. Massari himself is prepared for his surroundings. He is wearing thick goggles that make him look like an Olympic ski jumper.

    Massari is a burly, heavily tattooed veteran of the environmental organisation Sea Shepherd, which campaigns against exploitating the oceans. His deck team are preparing to launch the ship’s small boat, which Massari will helm. Eight of us are bundled in bright red dry suits, helmets and lifejackets; the average time to survive hypothermia in this wind-whipped water is just five minutes.

    The Allankay sailed to Coronation Island from New Zealand to document the krill fishing. Photograph: Alice Bacou/Sea Shepherd

    Continue reading...

  • Exclusive:Pacific island’s new leader Lord Fakafānua discusses ‘exciting’ US partnership as critics fear impacts of seabed exploration

    The recently elected leader of Tonga has described a deal to partner with the US on deep-sea mineral exploration as an “exciting development” amid concern in the small Pacific nation over the practice of seabed mining and the potential environmental impact.

    Tonga is located in the South Pacific Ocean, a region attracting growing interest over whether critical minerals buried in the seabed could be extracted to help power industries and green technologies.

    Continue reading...

  • Declan Conlon will argue officials have failed to act despite clear evidence of the ecological collapse of Lough Neagh

    An eel fisher is to argue at the high court in Belfast that the authorities have allowed the ecological collapse of Lough Neagh by failing to take action over pollution.

    Declan Conlon, whose family have for generations fished the inland lake in Northern Ireland that once hosted the largest wild eel fishery in Europe, is seeking to take a judicial review against the Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs (Daera). He will argue the department has failed to act against polluters despite clear evidence of the ecological collapse of the lake.

    Continue reading...

  • When James Prescott Joule lent his name to a unit of energy, he could not have foreseen today’s alarming calculations

    The primary unit of climate collapse is the zettajoule. If you have never heard of this term, you are not alone. Even scientists who work on a planetary scale struggle to relate the immensity of the change measured by this titanic unit of energy.

    Continue reading...

  • Trump administration announces deal with TotalEnergies to redirect investment in wind to oil and gas instead

    As a fuel crisis triggered by the war in Iran drives up global fossil fuel prices, the Trump administration has announced it will pay French energy major TotalEnergies $1bn to kill plans to construct wind farms off the US east coast.

    The deal is the latest blow to the US offshore wind industry, which has faced repeated disruptions to multi-billion-dollar projects under Donald Trump.

    Continue reading...

  • People evacuated on Oahu and Maui as rains lifted houses and cars, swept through stores and left streets mud-clogged

    Hawaii is assessing the extensive damage left by the worst flooding the islands have seen in more than 20 years.

    Heavy rains and floodwater forced thousands on the North Shore of Oahu to evacuate over the weekend and triggered evacuation orders for parts of Maui. Floodwater from rains lifted houses and cars, inundated farms and swept through grocery stores on the islands, leaving behind a thick layer of mud.

    Continue reading...

  • Sixty years after the discovery of a colony of Juan Fernández fur seals, previously thought to be extinct, a landmark agreement extends ‘no take’ zone around the wildlife-rich archipelago

    Six decades ago, pioneering oceanographer and conservationist Sylvia Earle made a bittersweet discovery while diving off Chile’s oceanic islands with the US National Science Foundation vessel, the Anton Bruun. She found the remains of a baby fur seal, one of the world’s most isolated aquatic mammals.

    Endemic to the Juan Fernández archipelago, in the Pacific Ocean, and once prized for its fur and meat, the species, Arctocephalus philippii, was believed to have been hunted to extinction in the 19th century. But, Earle said: “A baby must have a mum and dad somewhere.”

    Pioneering oceanographer and conservationist Sylvia Earle. Photograph: Andy Mann/Blue Marine Foundation

    Continue reading...

  • Residents reported headaches, eye and skin irritation and breathing difficulties as Israeli bombings blanketed Tehran with pollutants

    Satellite images of Tehran show toxic fires caused by Israeli bombings on oil depots were still burning days after the strikes, which have caused fears of serious health complications for millions of residents in the Iranian capital.

    Clouds of smoke from bombings on 7 March on multiple facilities blanketed the city with pollutants ranging from soot to oil particles to sulphur dioxide. Hours later, a passing storm showered Tehran with poisonous, oil-filled rain.

    Continue reading...

  • The whole ecosystem inside a cave feeds off guano, dead bats, or any dead animals on the ground. It’s not for the faint-hearted

    It can be daunting entering a cave. It is an underground world that possibly hasn’t been explored before. The first smell that hits you is guano (or bat poo). Some of these caves host millions of bats – you can hear them chirping above, hanging in the darkness, and occasionally flying around. It always seems like night-time inside a cave because it’s pitch black.

    The walls are covered in interesting creatures such as tailless whip scorpions, which look like a cross between a spider and crab (they look dangerous, but are not), as well as millipedes and centipedes. The whole ecosystem feeds off guano, dead bats, or any dead animals on the ground. It’s not for the faint-hearted.

    Continue reading...

Novosti: Cybermed.hr

Novosti: Biologija.com

Izvor nije pronađen