„Pernati“ turizam: Hvarske pčelarice privlače Engleze

Objavljeno u Zanimljivosti

Prekrasna priroda je pravo blago Otoka Hvara, i vrijedi nju pažljivo zaštiti, ne samo za goste ali isto tako za mještane. 

Pčelarica Pčelarica Foto: John Ball

Ptice su veliko blago otoka Hvara i Dalmacije općenito, međutim, da li ih dovoljno cijenimo i čuvamo? Ima ljudi koji ih prate i vole, ali nažalost postoji dosta razloga za zabrinutost. U prvom redu klimatske promjene značajno utječu na raznolikost ptičjeg svijeta, primjerice na škoju susrećemo galebove i vodomare, a ostalo je još nešto i ptica pjevica. Čovjek je ipak najpresudniji čimbenik u svome okruženju, ukoliko bude održavao lokve i izvore pitke vode na Otoku sunca bi i ubuduće mogli viđati vodarice, pa čak i močvarne ptice, kao što su patka pupčanica, pršljivac, močvarna strnadica, žalar cirikavac, vranac, vlastelica, čaplja, itd.

žalar cirikavac. Foto: Steve Jones

Čuveni suri orao živi uglavnom u sjevernom dijelu Lijepe Naše, ali Hvar također ima nekoliko prekrasnih grabljivica, među njima su: eja strnjarica, vjetruša, škanjac, sova, ćuk, jastreb kokošar i kobac. Ptice su pravi mamac za brojne turiste koji vole prirodu, i mnogi entuzijasti dolaze na škoj samo da bi vidjeli sve te vrste kojih nema u njihovim državama. Steve Jones, Englez koji živi u Dolu i godinama promatra ptice na Hvaru, bilježio je ponašanje ptica na otoku. Naprimjer, crvendać i mrka crvenrepka su zimovalice u tom kraju, premda imaju neke sasvim drukčije navike u ostalim djelovima Hrvatske i u drugim državama.

Mrka crvenrepka. Foto: Steve Jones

Grdelini, pupavci, vuge...

Strancima su posebna atrakcija ptice kao što su gardelini, vatroglavi kraljići, zlatoglavi kraljići, pupavci, vuge i pčelarice.

Vuga. Foto: Steve Jones

U okolici Jelse svake godine dolaze pčelarice, koje stižu uglavnom u travnju i stvaraju svoja gnijezda uvijek u istim mjestima u pjeskovitom tlu, a ljeta provode veselo loveći insekte sve dok ne odlaze na kraju sezone. Vivian Grisogono, predsjednica udruge "Eco Hvar", često dobiva upite, gdje ih se može vidjeti, a nakon komunikacije s gostima neki od njih dolaze baš u to mjesto s ciljem da ih razgledavaju, osobito iz Engleske.

Pčelarica. Foto: John Ball

Iskustven promatrač ptica John Ball bio je oduševljen, a poslije njegove posjete Jelsi rekao je da je taj prvi susret s pčelaricama za njega bio izuzetan 'adrenalinski događaj'. Will Rose i Eugénie Dunsten su danima pripovijedali da im je promatranje pčelarica i njihovih gnijezda bilo predivno i nezaboravno.

Pčelarica. Foto: John Ball

U svibnju je Will pisao gospođi Vivian da im je jako žao što ove godine zbog epidemije koronavirusa najvjerojatnije neće moći vidjeti pčelarice i vuge u našoj zemlji, pa preporučuje da barem mi uživamo u tim prekrasnim bićima umjesto njih! Očito postoje ljudi koji se rado vraćaju u Hrvatsku da bi ponovili takva ili doživjeli neka slična iskustva.

Eugénie, Will i Steve promatraju ptice. Foto: Vivian Grisogono

„Odletjela“ velika jata ptica: Gdje su grdelini, lugarini, frzelini, faganeli, verduni, krstokljuni?

No, svake godine je nažalost sve manje ptica koje bi mogli promatrati. To bilježi i gospodin Steve, dok se Jelšanin Ivica Drinković još iz djetinjstva sjeća velikih jata ptica iznad Jelse. Kad se na škoj vratio 2005. nakon devet godina provedenih na privremenom radu u Njemačkoj, odmah je primijetio da je ptica znatno manje. Sada naposljetku opaža da nekih vrsta u prirodi više uopće nema, tako se u okolici Jelse gdje svakodnevno provodi svoje slobodno vrijeme vrlo rijetko može vidjeti: grdelin (češljugar, carduelis carduelis), lugarin (češljugar, carduelis spinus), frzelin (žutarica, serinus serinus), faganel (obična juričica, acanthis cannabina), verdun (zelendur, chloris chloris), pa i krstokljun (loxia krvirostra)“ – veli Vivian.

Gardelin. Foto: Steve Jones

Razlozi takvih gubitaka su, kako dodaje, uistinu kompleksni. Zna da na neke čimbenike vrlo teško možemo utjecati (klima i slično), ali ima i onih koje se zasigurno može prevenirati. Što se tiče ptica pjevica na Hvaru postojala je jedna dugoročna tradicija da ih mještani love i stavljaju u kaveze kako bi im lijepo pjevale. Udruga "Eco Hvar" dobila je nekoliko pritužbi stranaca, pismenih i usmenih, radi nehumanih uvjeta u kojima žive te jadne ptice. Sada je taj lov na svu sreću zakonski zabranjen, mada ga neki neodgovorni pojedinci navodno još uvijek prakticiraju.

Ptice osuđene na život u malom kavezu

Mnoge ptice, osobito pčelarice, izgubile su svoja staništa. Njihova dva velika staništa u blizini Jelse godinama su devastirana za potrebe građevinskih materijala (jarine), stoga tamo više ni ne dolaze u tako velikom broju kao prije. Ipak, najveći problem je zasigurno korištenje pesticida.

Devastirano stanište pčelarica. Foto: Vivian Grisogono

Korisna zadaća u prirodi

Vivian Grisogono je poznato da herbicidi truju ptice koje imaju gnijezda na zemlji i jedu crve te ostalu hranu iz tla; insekticidima se truju insekti koji su glavno jelo za više vrsta ptica; larvicidi u lokvama truju hranu vodenim pticama; a fungicidi koji se koriste na veliko za vrijeme vegetacije, osobito kod uzgoja vinove loze, isto tako imaju loš utjecaj.

Otočni težaci nisu jedini koji koriste otrove, ona se uvjerila da to čine i lokalne vlasti, npr. oko Hvara svake godine su tri hektara šume prskana s "Bti", insekticidom koji šteti reprodukciji ptica, dok se tri puta kroz ljetnu sezonu sve ceste i putovi prskaju s piretroidima koji su izuzetno štetni za insekte, pa čak za mačke i pse. Posve nerazumno, zar ne?

A što još reći, poznati splitski novinar, pokojni Miljenko Smoje, u svojoj knjizi kolumni "Dalmatinska pisma" (str. 117) svoje sugrađane je opisivao kako "...su na stare splitske kuće ostavjali buže....[jer] 'prokleta kuća koju tica ne naseli!'" Drugim riječima, ako se nastavi trend nestajanja ptica u našim krajevima onda ćemo zasigurno izgubiti izuzetno važan dio prirodnog lanca, jer svaka ptica ima svoju korisnu ulogu u prirodi. Izgleda da smo veoma loše savladali tu lekciju od naših predaka, oni su uvelike poštivali i voljeli ptice, prirodu u cjelini, pa učinimo stoga i mi sve što je u našoj moći da Hvaru vratimo bogatstvo koje je nekad imao.

© Mirko Crnčević / Dobra Kob 2020.

Nalazite se ovdje: Home zanimljivosti „Pernati“ turizam: Hvarske pčelarice privlače Engleze

Eco Environment News feeds

  • Finding that Norfolk butterfly has been distinct subspecies for 200,000 years could transform conservation approach

    The endangered swallowtail butterfly Papilio machaon britannicus, which is only regularly found breeding in Britain on the Norfolk Broads, has been a distinct subspecies for at least 200,000 years, according to a study.

    Smaller, darker in colour and much rarer than the continental swallowtail, britannicus was previously considered to have developed its distinctive form during its confinement in the wetlands of eastern England over the last 8,000 years, after the flooding of Doggerland.

    Continue reading...

  • Cooling down has become political amid record highs, as experts say row is distracting from work of protecting lives

    As the afternoon heat rose to a dizzying 41.7C (107F) in eastern Brandenburg on Sunday, taking German temperatures to unprecedented highs, Mario, 65, took precautions but did not panic. Two years ago, a fierce heatwave had prompted him to buy a powerful device that few Germans own: an air conditioning unit.

    “The summers are slowly getting warmer,” says the retired handyman in Neuzelle on the German-Polish border, whose bungalow is now among the 6% of German homes with fixed air-conditioning. “And as you get older, the heat gets harder to endure.”

    Continue reading...

  • Huge numbers of blackchin tilapia, a fish native to west Africa, are wreaking havoc among Thailand’s river ecosystems. Experts – and some chefs – are seeking sustainable solutions

    The menu at Kor-Tae seafood restaurant, in Thailand’s Samut Prakan province, is filled with Thai classics – from tom yum talay, a fragrant hot and sour soup, to spicy larb salads. But the restaurant’s chef is also experimenting with a more controversial ingredient: blackchin tilapia.

    “People are hesitant, but once they try it – [they say] it’s delicious,” says owner Adisorn Jamsuksaward, who has been offering the non-native fish free of charge to friends who request it.

    Continue reading...

  • Cornell Lab for Ornithology plans data linkup between app and population monitoring on eBird platform

    The Merlin bird ID app will allow users to feed real-time bird identifications into one of the world’s biggest citizen-science biodiversity projects in an update it is hoped will aid conservation of at-risk birds.

    Since 2021, the free Merlin app, created by the Cornell Lab for Ornithology, has used machine learning to provide an almost instantaneous sound-identification service for birdsong, along with an image for each bird identified. In future, the detections of bird species recorded by people will be automatically collected on the global online database eBird, which contains more than 2bn bird observation records.

    Continue reading...

  • As this year’s invertebrate of the year competition launches, we join scientists studying last year’s winner

    Witek Morek is closely inspecting an old brick-and-flint wall on the Cambridgeshire campus of the Wellcome Sanger Institute.

    “We are going to use a very advanced tool designed by bioengineers and evolved over millions of years – the human hand – and grab some moss, and put it in an envelope,” he says.

    Continue reading...

  • Guardian recreates audio landscape of past filled by loud morning symphony before 73m wild birds were lost

    Imagine a deafening abundance of birdsong so loud it wakes your children at dawn; the chirrup of house sparrows, the chattering of starlings, the melody of the wren, and the clear high-pitched flute of blackbirds saturating the garden, reverberating around your local park, dominating your neighbourhood from early morning to evening twilight.

    So loud is the song of the thrush that the naturalist and ornithologist WH Hudson wrote in 1919 that he was grateful when observing one that it was perched on a tree at a distance from his home, “so that when I woke at half past three or four o’clock, the shrill indefatigable voice came in at the open window, softened by distance and washed by the dewy atmosphere to greater purity”.

    Continue reading...

  • Hitchin, Hertfordshire: The broad-bodied chaser is often the first to arrive at a new pond, and sure enough, I spot an exuvia clinging to a leaf blade

    The hole in the nest box on our house wall is all mouth. A sparrow chick on the cusp of fledging has thrust its head out, beak open, displaying an orange gape ringed with a creamy-yellow flange. It’s an unmissable prompt for the parents: Insert Invertebrates Here.

    I’m watching the spuggies from behind the pond, where I’m perfectly positioned to see the aftermath of another emergence. At the top of a bur-reed, the hollow legs of a dragonfly exuvia (the shed larval casing) grip the leaf blade, while a split in the cuticle shows where the adult has pushed through its exoskeleton.

    Continue reading...

  • The long-running series in which readers answer other readers’ questions considers a hot topic within renewable energy

    This week’s replies: Are there places on Earth where humans haven’t been?

    I would like to know why we build solar farms over green space, when we could just put them over massive car parks as a popular current internet meme suggests. Chris, Middlesbrough

    Post your answers (and new questions) below or send them tonq@theguardian.com. A selection will be published next Sunday.

    Continue reading...

  • By using websites copied from stores such as Aldi, fraudsters hope hot and bothered buyers will miss the red flags

    With the UK heatwave expected to increase temperatures over the next week, you decide to invest in an air conditioning unit. But they are expensive, and stocks are running out in the shops as everyone else has had the same idea.

    After a quick search, you see that there are other options online, and some from names that you recognise.

    Continue reading...

  • This summer, Yosemite national park has been rife with traffic jams and throngs of visitors. Can these popular national treasures withstand a future of strained resources?

    On a crisp, sunny morning at the end of June, dappled light filtered through the canopy of an ancient grove of giant sequoias, casting a tranquil backdrop for a mule deer as it ambled across the trail. Families from around the world gazed up at the towering trees in awe, speaking in hushed tones and different languages.

    Experiences like these draw more than 4 million people to Yosemite national park each year. But as an increasing number of visitors come to take in the dramatic vistas, camp under the stars or feel the mist cascading off its thundering waterfalls, Yosemite’s landscapes are being pushed to their limits.

    Continue reading...

Novosti: Cybermed.hr

Novosti: Biologija.com

Izvor nije pronađen