Eco Hvar

Mrtvi šišmiši u Pitvama, srpanj 2019.

Jutra 24.07.2019. godine, dva mrtva šišmiša koja su ležala jedan pored drugoga na kućnom pragu, uznemirili su dvoje ukućana.

Colony, pipistrelli kuhlii. Colony, pipistrelli kuhlii. Photo courtesy of the Croatian Natural History Museum

Iskusna veterinarka Susan Corning pregledala je sirota deformirana bića ali nije pronašla vanjske znakove ozljeda. Smrt dvaju šišmiša bez očitih ozljeda vrlo je neobična.

Mrtav šišmiš. Foto: Susan Corning i Andy Hilton

Ovo je dovelo Susan do sumnje da su šišmiši otrovani. Samo pet dana ranije, u petak 19.07., u ranim jutarnjim satima, lokalne vlasti izvele su drugu akciju zaprašivanja Opčine Jelse peretroidnim otrovom u ovoj sezoni. Slučajnost? Susan je, kao znastvenica, sumnjala da su dva događaja povezana. Uzrok smrti ne može se sa sigurnošću utvrditi bez ulaganja truda i novaca u obdukciju. Ali, obzirom da šišmiši jedu insekte, pa tako i komarce, to je mogao biti izvor unošenja otrova. Vlasti tvrde da je korišteni peretroidni otrov, Cipex 10E, “bezopasan za toplokrvna bića”. Ovo je neistinito. Utvrđeno je da aktivni sastojak Cipex-a, cipermetrin, može biti koban za mačke. Vjerojatno isto tako u visokim koncentracijama i za pse, te štetno i za ljude*. Djeluje na živčani sustav. Ako izravno ne ubije ciljne insekte, uzrokovat će nekontroliranu hiperaktivnost. Npr. 14. lipnja 2018. godine, jutro nakon akcije zaprašivanja kroz Pitve, ose su još uvijek imale posla s osinjakom kojeg su izgradile pored ceste, a koje je neizbježno zaprašeno koktelom otrova koje su te godine bile u uporabi. Broj im se, u odnosu na dan prije, smanjio a aktivnost preživjelih bio je nasumičan. Djelovalo je kao da sirota bića, usprkos svemu, pokušavaju raditi najbolje što znaju.

Ose, dan nakon zamagljivanja. Foto: Vivian Grisogono

Tako će nakon akcija zaprašivanja otrovani insekti i dalje letjeti uokolo dok ih možda ne pojede ptica, šišmiš ili drugi insekti ostavljajući trag kolateralne štete. Detalji individualnih žrtava, kao što je smrt ovih šišmiša, možda se ne mogu sa sigurnošću znati. Nema sumnje da otrovi naneseni okolišu kroz akcije zaprašivanja doprinose razornom gubitku biološke raznolikosti na Hvaru. Kombinirani učinci pesticida koje lokalne vlasti koriste i onih koje koriste individualni poljoprivrednici i vrtlari uzrokuju ekološku katastrofu.

Šišmiši su jedni od tih, nekoć mnogobrojnih, stvorenja čija se brojka drastično smanjila.

Mrtav šišmiš. Foto: Susan Corning i Andy Hilton

Ljudi ne dolaze u Dalmaciju kako bi pronalazili mrtvu divljinu. Naprotiv, očekuju nezagađeni prirodni okoliš ispunjen divnim stvorenjima prirode. Jedini način da ispunimo njihovu želju jest da izbjegavamo u potpunosti korištenje kemijskih pesticida.

© Vivian Grisogono 2019.
Prijevod: Dinka Barbić

Hvala Susan i Andy što su podijelili ovu tužnu informaciju.

* Bilješka: Pogledajte naš članak o štetnim učincima pesticida za više detalja o škodljivim učincima cipermetrina.

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