Prirodna zaštita biljaka

Objavljeno u Okoliš

Zaštita biljaka od gljivičnih oboljenja ili napada štetoćina vrši se iskljućivo sa biljnim srestvima. Bitno je da se biljke prskaju preventivno ili najkasnije kad se uoće prva oboljenja. Plodovi se jasno mogu i odmah jesti nakon prskanja.

Poljska preslica (Equisetum arvense). Poljska preslica (Equisetum arvense). Foto: MPF

BILJNA SREDSTVA ZA PRSKANJE

ČAJ OD POLJSKE PRESLICE (Equisetum arvense)

Taj čaj je jako dobro sredstvo za kontrolu gljivičnih oboljenja. Preslicu treba nabrati koncem ljeta ( 8 mjesec ) kada sadrži najveću količinu silicija te je osušiti na sjenovitom mjestu. Osušenu preslicu možemo upotrjebiti tijekom cijele godine. Čaj se koristi kao antigljivično sredstvo.

Čaj se priprema tako da se 300 grama suhe preslice kuha u 5 litara vode jedan sat na blagoj vatri. Nakon toga ga procjedimo i razrijedimo s još 25 litara vode. Prije upotrebe tekućina mora odstojati još 10 sati. Prilikom razrijeđivanja čaja potrebno ga je mješati oko 10 minuta.

Preporuča se jedno ili više prskanja vočaka nakon kišnog perioda i to prije ili u početku napada gljivičnih oboljenja. Prskati po sunčanom vremenu. Preventivno možemo prskati prema uputama " Mjesečnog sjetvenog kalendara ". Čaj od preslice može se dodavati i u vodi u kanti za zalijevanje , od njega pravimo i kupku za umakanje korjena prije sadnje voćaka. Prskamo po plodovima voćaka , krošnji i stablu.

Voćke prskanjem čajem od preslice dobivaju otpornost na pepelnicu , peronosporu , rđu i druga gljivična oboljenja.

Radi velike efikasnosti i suzbijanja raznih gljivičnih oboljenja farmeri kažu da im nikada nije dosta ove biljke.

Ja ovim čajem prskam lozu i povrće. Navedena kolićina čaja od 30 litara mi je dovoljna za prskanje 400 loza i 400 m2 povrtnjaka.

Stolisnik (achillea millefolium). Foto: Petar Milošević

ČAJ OD STOLISNIKA (Achillea millefolium)

Stolisnik spada u narodnoj medicini među ljekovite biljke jer sadrži mirisnogorka eterična ulja i mnogo minerala. On ima i dezinfekciske osobine. Potiče i pospješuje djelovanje učinaka drugih biljaka te se zbog toga njegov čaj može mješati s drugim čajevima , a posebno to vrijedi za čaj od metvice i kamilice.

U ekovočarstvu koristi se kao sredstvo protiv pepelnice ,truleži plodova i drugih gljivičnih oboljenja.

Priprema se tako da 1 kg svježih listova , stabljika ( 15 cm dužine ) ili 200 grama suhog stolisnika shuhamo u 10 litara vode. To se procjedi i razrijedi s vodom u omjeru 5:1 i prskaju se oboljele voćke. Dodro je prskati preventivno ili čim se bolest primjeti. Najefikasnije je djelovanje ako se naprave čajevi od metvice i kamilice i pomješaju u istim omjerima s čajem od stolisnika.

Kod pojedinih voćaka može se pojaviti osip ( alergija na stolisnik ).U tom slučaju treba napustiti kontak biljkom i čajem od nje.

Ja ovim čajem prskam lozu i povrće. Sami odredite omjere i kolićinu potrebnog čaja.

Kopriva (urtica diocia). Foto: Uwe H. Friese

SREDSTVO ZA PRSKANJE OD KOPRIVE (Urtica dioica)

Upotrebljava se za uništavanje mnogobrojnij lisnih uši , a istovremeno jača biljke,poboljšava im otpornost i gnjoji ih.

Priprema se tako da se 1 kg svježih , isječenih kopriva potopi u 10 litara vode i ostavi 24 sati. Ne duže jer preparat gubi moč. Ako nema svježih kopriva, na istu količinu vode treba uzeti 100 do 200 grama osušenih.Nakon 24 sata tečnost je potrebno procjediti i njome prskati biljke sa svih strana. Postupak se može ponoviti nakon nekoliko dana.Biljni ostaci se kompostiraju.

Važno je napomenuti da sredstvo za prskanje od koprive mora se upotrebiti nakon 24 sata , a nikako nakon 2 – 3 dana jer postaje agresivno i može spržiti biljke.

Ja ovim čajem prskam rijeđe lozu i češće povrće. Sami odredite omjere i kolićinu potrebnog čaja.

Pelin (Artemisia absinthium). Foto: David Monniau

ČAJ OD PELINA (Artemisia absinthium)

Odlikuje se izrazitom gorčinom zbog čega ga izbjegavaju insekti. Priprema se tako da 300 grama predhodno osušenih i usitnjenih grančica pelina ( s listom , a može i s cvijetom ) prelije jednom litrom kipuće vode, ostavi stajati poklopljeno pola sata. Nakon toga se procjedi i doda 9 litara vode i čaj za prskanje je gotov. Čaj od pelina se koristi za zaštitu jagoda i kupina od grinja,protiv lisnih ušiju na svim voćkama , protiv gusjenica , mravi i drugih štetnih insekata.

Biljni ostaci se ne smiju kompostirati.

Ja ovim čajem prskam bob, fažolete , grašak i pomidore preventivno ili kad se pojave lisne uši.

Napomena:

Suha preslica, kopriva, te pelin, stolisnik, metvica i kamilica (sve u suhom stanju) mogu se nabaviti u Splitu u kiosku na tržnici iza starog igrališta Hajduka, svak po cijeni od cca 75 kn za 1 kg.

© Mihovil Stipišić, 2017.

Literatura:

Bašić, Ivan. 2000.g., Ekološko pristup u uzgoju voćaka. Izdavači Ruža i Ivan Bašić, Nova Gradiška.

Bašić, Ivan, 2000.g., Ekološki pristup u zaštiti voćaka. Ruža i Ivan Bašić, Nova Gradiška.

Korisni linkovi:

https://www.agroklub.com/eko-proizvodnja/ekoloski-pripravci-za-zastitu-bilja/11877/

 
Nalazite se ovdje: Home Okoliš Prirodna zaštita biljaka

Eco Environment News feeds

  • Weighed down by underinvestment and uncertainty, staff at Maple Lodge just want to get on with the job

    It is a grey day in a wet weekbut one of Thames Water’s neglected plants is still coping. Wastewater is being pumped into the vast Maple Lodge sewage treatment centre in Rickmansworth, just off the M25, at a rate of about 3,000 litres a second, within capacity.

    The site manager points out the first-line screens that catch everything that will not pass through a 5mm filter. A “sheep” – a bundle of wet wipes, sanitary pads, cotton buds, condoms and indigestible bits of sweetcorn – is rotating at one edge. Credit cards and false teeth have been known to end up here.

    Continue reading...

  • Exclusive: Documents show Andrea Jenkyns asked how she could help firm after major gas find in Lincolnshire

    Lincolnshire’s Reform party mayor, Dame Andrea Jenkyns, has courted the head of an American oil and gas dynasty in the hope of bringing fracking to the county, the Guardian can reveal.

    Egdon Resources, a British subsidiary of the US fracker Heyco Energy, announced a major gas discovery in Lincolnshire’s Gainsborough Trough last year. Jenkyns, who became the first mayor of Greater Lincolnshire in May, reached out personally to the company asking how she “could help with your recent gas find in my county”, according to records released by the mayoral authority in response to a freedom of information request.

    Continue reading...

  • Taster days and training are offering teenagers an escape from a future of part-time, seasonal work – and giving a boost to a declining industry

    It’s mid-morning on a rare calm day in Newlyn, Cornwall. Will Roberts is back at the quayside with a catch of mackerel to unload, having set off from the harbour before dawn. At 22, he is something of a rarity here, one of a handful of young fishers running his own small commercial boat from the port.

    “It’s a magical feeling when you set out in the dark, with no one else around, and see the Milky Way in the sky above you,” he says. “I couldn’t imagine working in an office or somewhere indoors, and not be surrounded by all of this.”

    Potential recruits learn more about career opportunities at sea at a taster day for young people in Newlyn

    Continue reading...

  • South-western France could hit 25C, while a powerful Nor’easter is forecast to bring blizzards to Boston

    An early taste of spring is on the way for millions across northern and western Europe this week. Temperatures could climb close to a near record-breaking 20C (68F) in parts of Belgium, Germany, Luxembourg and the Netherlands, with south-western France approaching 25C on Wednesday.

    The warmth is being driven by a highly amplified synoptic pattern, featuring a region of low pressure over the Atlantic and strong high pressure over central Europe. The setup will allow exceptionally mild air to spread across much of the continent, with temperatures in some places rising to 10-15C above the seasonal average.

    Continue reading...

  • Wold Newton, East Yorkshire: On a dreary day in a nondescript field, I visit the site where a 4.56 billion-year-old bit of space rock came to Earth

    On a low rise, beyond a screen of trees, behind a small holiday park in the Yorkshire Wolds, a brick obelisk stands incongruously at the edge of an otherwise nondescript field. It bears a plaque inscribed as follows: “Here, on this spot, Decr. 13th, 1795 / fell from the Atmosphere AN EXTRAORDINARY STONE / In breadth 28 inches / In length 36 inches…”

    The words are carved in a variety of enthusiastic fonts, with the opening “Here” given particularly earnest flourish.The extraordinary, extraterrestrial stone in question is the Wold Cottage meteorite, the first from anywhere to be widely recognised as a rock from outer space. After a 4.56bn-year journey, it now rests in the Treasures Gallery of the Natural History Museum.

    Continue reading...

  • The Belgian ceremony attracts beekeepers from the Netherlands, France and Germany keen to boost dark bee numbers and stop the spread of the hybrid honeybee

    Every summer, 1,000 virgin queens descend on the Belgian town of Chimay. During the “wedding flight”, a male attaches to the female. His endophallus (penis equivalent) is torn off and he falls to the ground and dies. Mission accomplished.

    Beekeepers come and pick up their fertilised queens in small colourful hives, driving them back home, sometimes more than 300km away. They will use the genetic material gathered in south Belgium to build new colonies in the Netherlands, France and Germany.

    Continue reading...

  • Even as weather extremes worsen, the voices calling for the rolling back of environmental rules have grown louder and more influential

    In the timeless week between Christmas and the new year, two Spanish men in their early 50s – friends since childhood, popular around town – went to a restaurant and did not come home.

    Francisco Zea Bravo, a maths teacher active in a book club and rock band, and Antonio Morales Serrano, the owner of a popular cafe and ice-cream parlour, had gone to eat with friends in Málaga on Saturday 27 December. But as the pair drove back to Alhaurín el Grande that night, heavy rains turned the usually tranquil Fahala River into what the mayor would later call an “uncontrollable torrent”. Police found their van overturned the next day. Their bodies followed after an agonising search.

    Continue reading...

  • Armed groups and a state-owned refinery’s oil leaks have displaced Barrancabermeja’s fishing community and poisoned a paradise once full of manatees and jaguars

    Standing on her wooden canoe, a machete in her hand, Yuly Velásquez hacks away at reeds matted with blackened sludge. Close by, a burst oil pipe has released a slick of crude into the San Silvestre wetlands in Barrancabermeja, Colombia’s oil city, choking the water and its wildlife.

    “The destruction is immense,” says Velásquez, president of Fedepesan, a sustainable fishing organisation. “For the fish, the animals and flora, it means immediate death.”

    Continue reading...

  • In an edited extract from her latest book, Hazel Sheffield sets out a new blueprint for community stewardship

    It was a Saturday in February 2020 when the flood came. It had been a wet winter, so wet it seemed that before the month was out, the brown trout of the River Taff might be washed clean out into Cardiff Bay before the fishing season had even begun. But this is Wales. People are used to a spot of rain. No one realised how bad it would get.

    For two days, it hammered on the windows of the houses at the top of the South Wales Valleys, where people tucked in their children before a sleepless night. It poured into the rivers at the bottom. By the time the rain departed again, many people would be standing in water up to their knees.

    Continue reading...

  • Rivers drained dry to create artificial snow, a forest cut down for the bobsleigh track – IOC’s claims to prioritise sustainability at Milano Cortina exposed

    On the foothills of the mountains, by the banks of the river in Cortina, there was a forest. It was full of tall larch trees. Arborists said the oldest of them had been there for 150 years and dendrologists that it was unique because it was unusual to find a monocultural forest growing at such a low altitude in the southern Alps.

    The locals knew mostly it was the place where the old wooden bobsleigh run was, where you went on your walks in summer or autumn, or when you wanted to play tennis on the small courts built near the bottom. They called it the Bosco di Ronco and it isn’t there any more.

    Continue reading...

Novosti: Cybermed.hr

Novosti: Biologija.com

Izvor nije pronađen