Otrovi protiv štetočina nisu efikasni!

Baš kao što se problemi sa komarcima neće riješiti insekticidima, tako ni štetočine nikako nisu kontrolirane uporabom otrova.

Otrov u sandučiću Otrov u sandučiću Foto: Vivian Grisogono

Već dugi niz godina se otrov za štakore dostavlja u kućanstava diljem otoka u sasvim neadekvatnim vrećicama od celofana. Da stvar bude još gora, upute su unutra, tako da, ako ih želite pročitati, morate rukovati sa otrovom. Još nezgodnije je stranim vlasnicima kuća, koji ne znaju Hrvatski. Tako se može dogoditi i to, da je jedan stranac bijelu tabletu unutar pakiranja sa crvenim granulama smatrao protuotrovom. Srećom, nije bilo potrebe, da je upotrijebi, jer je tableta zapravo poseban otrov namijenjen za septičke jame, i naravno, ne sadrži nikakav protuotrov. Protuotrov za ove granule je vitamin K.

Upozorenja o isporučivanju otrova su rijetkost. Iako službene web stranice Starog Grada uvijek prenose obavijesti ovog tipa, u ostalim mjestima na otoku to nije slučaj. U Pitvama se obično, dan-dva prije zalijepi mala obavijest na kontejner.

Međutim, tijekom 2016. godine je došlo do poboljšanja situacije u Jelsi, gdje se upozorenja prenose kroz web stranicu Općinskog Vijeća, kao i kroz njihovu oglasnu ploču.

Po zakonu moraju vitamini biti pakirani na siguran način, ali čini se, da otrovi za štakore ne moraju. Ovaj neodgovoran i opasan običaj se nije promijenio niti ulaskom zemlje u Europsku Uniju. Vrećice se ostavljaju naizgled nasumice u mjestima po otoku. Događalo se, da sam ih pronalazila na različitim mjestima: kod prozora kuće, viseći iz mog poštanskog sandučića, čak i na svom autu! Način dostave je očito vrlo neodgovoran. Jesu li ali otrovi korišteni na odgovoran način? Najčešće se jednostavno postave u manjim količinama oko kuće, čak i tamo gdje mogu biti opasni za kućne ljubimce ili malu djecu. Najsigurniji način postavljanja takvih otrova - ako osjećate, da baš morate koristiti takve otrove - je upotrijebiti čvrstu cijev sa rupama za ulazak i izlazak, koje su dovoljno velike za miševe ili štakore, ali su premale za sve druge životinje.

Pakiranja otrova za štakore dostavljana u lokalna kućanstva. Foto: Vivian Grisogono

Dok štetočine unutar zgrada sasvim sigurno predstavljaju problem i moguću opasnost za zdravlje, isto se ne može reći za miševe i štakore u divljini, koji imaju svoje mjesto (ako ništa drugo) u prirodnom prehrambenom lancu. Za bolji uvid u njihov način života, pogledajte video u nastavku, ili kliknite ovdje.

S obzirom na redovite doze otrova, štakori postaju otporni, stoga otrov nije rješenje. S druge strane, iako otrov ne bi trebao privlačiti druge životinje, ipak se to događa i nekoliko mačaka i pasa je već smrtno stradalo od otrova. Stvarno tužno i štetno, jer su mačke one, koje drže štakore i miševe, čak i zmije pod kontrolom. Za bilo koju veću pojavu štakora je najbolja metoda za izbjegavanje problema otpornosti na otrove pustiti upornog psa (kao što je Jack russelov terijer), da ih lovi ili koristiti zamke.

Lokalne vlasti moraju potrošiti značajan iznos na distribuciju tih otrova. Gledajući financijsko izvješće Općinskog Vijeća iz 2015. godine, nisam uspjela identificirati točan iznos potrošen na kampanju protiv štetočina i insekata, jer ove stavke nisu navedene pojedinačno. Troši li se taj novac na pametan način? Mislim da ne.

U Velikoj Britaniji su otrovi protiv štetočina dostupni, ali ne distribuiraju se na veliko kroz lokalne vlasti. Distribuirali su se (i možda se to još uvijek tako radi) samo na zahtjev. Prije nekih šezdeset godina, dok smo živjeli nedaleko Londona, moj brat, sestra i ja smo jednom po povratku iz škole pronašli neoznačenu staklenku na kuhinjskom stolu. Moja, po naravi neustrašiva sestra je navalila na staklenku i kako joj se okus činio "sirast", nastavila je jesti, da umanji svoju glad. Nismo imali pun frižider u onim danima, doduše nismo uopće imali frižider i ostava je bila prazna. Međutim, brat i ja smo bili oprezniji te smo odbili njezinu ljubaznu ponudu, da sa nama podjeli sadržaj staklenke. Možete zamisliti horor, koji je doživjela naša majka po povratku sa posla, kada je pitala za staklenku sa otrovom za štakore. Sestra je provela noć u bolnici, gdje su joj kroz pošteno ispumpavanje želuca spasili život. Mislim, da je to bilo zadnji put, da su iz općine ostavili neobilježen otrov za štakore u nečijem domu u nevino izgledajućoj, neosiguranoj staklenci.

Na Hvaru sam poslijednih godina uspjela zaustaviti isporuke otrova postavljanjem obavijesti na svojoj kući. Jednostavan natpis: "Otrov, ne hvala" preporučujem svima, koji ne žele biti opterećeni rukovanjem ili skladištenjem opasnih stvari.

Nekontrolirana distribucija otrova je očito opasna. Uz činjenicu, da otrov nije učinkovit postupak za suzbijanje štetočina, ovaj način postupanja je potrebno razmotriti i potrebno je trenutnu praksu znatno poboljšati - kao stvar od iznimne hitnosti.

© Vivian Grisogono 2016

Prevodila Ivana Župan

 

Video sadržaj

Snimljeno u Wytham Woods blzu Oxforda u Engleskoj University of Oxford
Nalazite se ovdje: Home Okoliš Opasni otrovi! Otrovi protiv štetočina nisu efikasni!

Eco Environment News feeds

  • Winds of Melissa’s strength are now five times more frequent due to the climate crisis, research says

    Every aspect of Hurricane Melissa, the most powerful storm ever to hit Jamaica, was worsened by the climate crisis, a team of scientists has found.

    Melissa caused widespread devastation when it crunched into Jamaica as a category five hurricane on October 28, with winds up up to 185mph.

    Continue reading...

  • Report calls for scaling-up of renewable energy and electrification of key sectors to limit peak of global heating

    There is still a chance for the world to avoid the worst ravages of climate breakdown and return to the goal of 1.5C if governments take concerted action on greenhouse gas emissions, a new assessment argues.

    The Climate Analytics report says governments’ goals are inadequate and need to be rapidly revised, and calls for the rapid scaling-up of the use of renewable energy and electrification of key sectors including transport, heating and industry.

    Continue reading...

  • Decision is bitter blow to Brazil ahead of fund’s launch at Cop30 – and an embarrassment to Prince William

    The UK will not contribute to a flagship fund for the world’s remaining tropical forests, in a bitter blow to the Brazilian hosts on the eve of the Cop30 climate summit.

    Keir Starmer flew to Belém, at the mouth of the Amazon, on Wednesday to join the summit of world leaders hosted by Brazil’s president, Lula da Silva.

    Continue reading...

  • ASA action won approval of clean air campaigners, who said some ‘seriously misleading myths’ had been debunked

    Adverts claiming that wood-burning stoves are “very low emissions” have been banned by the Advertising Standards Agency for being misleading and not substantiated.

    The claims were made on the website of the Stove Industry Association, which represents the makers and sellers of stoves in the UK. Campaigners against air pollution said they were glad the ASA had debunked some “seriously misleading myths”.

    Continue reading...

  • After it was found most offsets did not represent real carbon reductions, the money dried up. But successful schemes such as Kasigau in Kenya now face a stark future

    Solomon Morris Makau checks the fallen tree for snakes before he wraps a tape measure around the trunk. The early morning sun is overwhelming in the dryland forests of the Kasigau corridor, which separates the east and west Tsavo national parks in southern Kenya. Two guards keep watch for elephants and lions. There is little sign of green among the sprawling acacias, which stand silently in their punishing wait for the end of the dry season. Despite the threat from puff adders, Makau and his team have a job to do: measure the trees and shrubs in this 50 sq metre area to calculate their growth and change in carbon stock.

    “This one is lying dead,” says Makau, of one of the trees pushed over by elephants – but tens of thousands around it are still alive, stretching out in the distance as far as the eye can see.

    Solomon Morris Makau, right, leads a team of environmental technicians in gathering bio data from natural vegetation

    Continue reading...

  • Cwmtydu, Ceredigion: The tree has been laid low by dieback, but the treasures nearby bring to mind miniature brains, the smell of leather and bread-and-butter pudding

    As I reach the top of the cliff, a lone raven soughs south on an errand, flying at head height. In the bronze and iron ages, headlands like Castell Bach and Ynys Lochtyn in Ceredigion were used as summer camps for festivals and coastal foraging. This holiday season is drawing to a close as I scramble off the Wales Coast Path on to Banc Pen y Parc to visit a favourite tree.

    Even though it should be wizened by the prevailing westerlies and dieback – which is rampant in this valley – this huge ash hasn’t lost its ambition. I pace out its dimensions: 18 yards (16 metres) for the trunk, 23 yards for the crown. Its lichened trunk grows horizontally, leaning on its elbow, so I can perch in branches that should be inaccessible. It kicks in the wind like a boat in water, while goldcrests fuss in the gorse.

    Continue reading...

  • Lawyers challenge €4bn Project One development, saying emissions and health impacts vastly underestimated

    The deaths from pollution caused by Europe’s biggest plastic plant, which is being built in Antwerp, will outstrip the number of permanent jobs it will create, lawyers will argue in a court challenge issued on Thursday.

    In documents submitted to the court, research suggests the air pollution from Ineos’s €4bn petrochemical plant would cause 410 deaths once operational, compared with the 300 permanent jobs the company says will be created.

    Continue reading...

  • According to folklore, the weather on St Martin’s Day is a glimpse of the winter ahead and geese are said to sense it first

    St Martin’s Day, 11 November, is associated with feasting and the beginning of preparations for winter. Like St Swithin’s Day, Martinmas was believed to indicate the weather ahead.

    Saint Martin, who is understood to have lived in fourth-century France, was associated with geese, having supposedly hidden in a goose pen to avoid being made bishop, only to be given away by their honking. Weather predictions from his day tend to have a flavour of goose.

    Continue reading...

  • Eucalyptus production is dominated by large multinationals that convert farmland and forest into monoculture plantations

    Razor-straight rows of eucalyptus clones flank the Baixa Verde settlement in north-eastern Brazil. The genetically identical trees are in marked contrast to the patches of wild Atlantic forest – one of the most biologically diverse ecosystems on Earth – that remain scattered across the region.

    Surrounded by nearly 100,000 hectares (247,000 acres) of eucalyptus plantations, Baixa Verde is a rare example of a local victory over a multinational in Brazil. The rural settlement owes its existence to nearly two decades of legal battles over land rights – but the fight is not over yet.

    Continue reading...

  • Experts find artefacts left behind in Caral showing how population survived drought without resorting to violence

    Archaeologists in Peru have found new evidence showing how the oldest known civilization in the Americas adapted and survived a climate catastrophe without resorting to violence.

    A team led by the renowned Peruvian archaeologist Ruth Shady, 78, concluded that about 4,200 years ago, severe drought forced the population to leave the ancient city of Caral, and resettle nearby.

    Continue reading...

Novosti: Cybermed.hr

Novosti: Biologija.com

Izvor nije pronađen