The results from our survey about land usage on the Starigrad Plain (Hora, Ager). The survey was conducted on behalf of LAG Škoji (Local Action Group), Eco Hvar and the Agency for the Management of the Starigrad Plain. The aim was to gain an overview of land usage, and to gather information as to what the landowners think is needed to improve conditions in this historic field layout. The information has been gathered anonymously, and we thank everyone who filled in the questionnaire. If you have land on the Starigrad Plain and would like to help our research, please apply for a questionnaire form from This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it..
Donkeys grazing on the Plain, 2nd June 2014.Photo: Vivian Grisogono
3. Number keeping animals on the Plain: 4: (dog, 1; horses, 1; chickens, 1; goats, 1)
4. Registered farm businesses (OPG): 43
5. Registered (certificated) to use pesticides (so-called "plant protection products"): 43
6. Organic certificated: 3
Herbicide under olive trees, 28th February 2019. Photo: Vivian Grisogono
7. Number using herbicides: 30
Specifically: Cidokor (Roundup), Boomefekt, Uragan/Ouragan (all glyphosate-based); "glyphosate-based"; "Cidokor and other glyphosate-based herbicides";
How often and when? variously: once a year; 1-2 times a year; "as needed"; "once during the season"; "once around the vines to avoid getting scratched"; "once a year in the places the rotavator can't get to"; "a little"
8. Number using insecticides: 26
- including: naturally-based substances according to organic rules; organic teas (nettle etc.); fastac; actara; affirm; bordeaux mix; "against beetles"; "I ask the professionals"; cuprablau (copper with zinc); laser; "various"; "those needed for vines and olives"; rogor; mospillan; yellow sticky traps for olive fly; what's available; nordox
How often and when? variously: as needed; occasionally, according to the season; once a year; during blossom time; twice a year; three times a year; in June, as needed; rarely; a little; very rarely, when needed for a major infestation
9. Number using fungicides: 38
Specifically: naturally-based substances according to organic rules; cuprablau (copper with zinc); sulphur-based products; bordeaux mixture; copper-based products; sulphur; nordox; antrakol; mikal; luna; ridomil; topas; falcon; "everything"; cabrio top; "contact/ copper based / systemic / all types"; "those recommended for protecting grapes"; "various"; "the ones needed for vines"; "contact (sulphur, cuprablau)"; Universalis; pyrus; cadillac; chromosul; "against powdery mildew and downy mildew"; pergardo
How often and when? variously: when needed; occasionally, depending on the season; once a year; twice a year; 5-6 times a year; up to 6 times a year; 6-7 times a year; in May and June; "during the vine vegetation phase"; "during the vine spraying time"; from May to July; "when I have to"; "preventively"; "during the spraying season"; "without them, there's nothing"; "2-4 times spraying during vegetation"; twice a year in May and July; 7 - 10 times during vine vegetation time.
Fungicide on fruit trees, February 2019. Photo: Vivian Grisogono
10. Actively follow information on agriculture: yes: 44; no: 17 (one non-reply)
-Sources of information: Education / courses: 17; from professionals / experts: 23; Internet: 33; advertisements: 11; fellow-cultivators: 38; radio 1;
11. Follow information (including bans) about chemical pesticides: yes 47, no 14 (one non-reply)
12. Follow information about alternative organic plant protection products: yes 42, no 18 (two non-replies)
Organic vegetables on the Plain, 2nd June 2014. Photo: Vivian Grisogono
SUGGESTIONS, CRITICISMS, COMMENTS:
I would be grateful to know where i can obtain information and courses about protecting my olive trees, correct ways to prune them and organic cultivation.
The Ager is shameful, 80% neglected land, only 20% cultivated by my estimate. The rough tracks with no asphalt are a catastrophe (making access to land plots difficult), store sheds should be within set dimensions and proportions (not containers and wooden shacks); they should have stone walls, or be clad in stone. Before, there were stone huts (trimovi) for equipment and shelter, but now that's impossible. Sadly, young people are not going into agriculture, they're not interested in grapes and wine, sadly they drink BEER!
How can farmers be steered towards strimming instead of using chemical pesticides? Organic agriculture should be promoted on the island.
There needs to be a survey about irrigation, according to the National Programme for Irrigation in the Republic of Croatia, i.e. the Croatian Water Board
We want water
Allow the main roadways to be mended, and make it possible to renovate the access paths to the land plots - by widening the paths etc.
A way needs to be found to encourage owners of neglected land plots to tidy them up. The macadam tracks need to be put right to make them easier and safer to use. Encourage people not to allow their animals to roam everywhere, they should take care of them. Find a way of providing water over the whole Ager.
Forbid every form of Herbicide / Fungicide and above all Insecticide!!!
There is lots of uncultivated land and the reason for it is our political policy for agriculture for the islands about which all I can say is that of the grapes which we produce 80% of the producers don't know what to do with them.
I would keep animals on my land, but I am not allowed to make an animal shelter for them!
There should be more support and encouragement for the land users on the Ager, so that it does not get overrun by brambles and trees, then the story about the thriving parcelized Stari Grad Plain will not be a "pipe-dream"!
The roadways and tracks are in a very bad state. Please pave the main roads at least with asphalt.
It should be possible for farmers with a registered business (OPG) to erect on their land a building with at least the minimum technical requirements for wine-tasting.
If restrictions were relaxed and rules were more flexible, it would be better for everyone and there would be less untended land.
I think it is necessary to do a reconnaissance of the situation on the ground. To get to my land I cross other plots where, without let or hindrance, various little buildings have been erected, and old vehicles and rubbish dumped. I think the type of any buildings should be limited. If small buildings for tools are approved, their size and appearance should be precisely defined as a condition for approval.
Motivate owners of neglected land plots to bring them into function. Farmers could be motivated by having a certain market for their produce from the Ager. The tracks across the Ager should be restored.
If you want agriculture on the Stari Grad Plain, pave the tracks across the Ager with asphalt.
The Association responsible for the Ager should be more flexible towards the farmers. We live off our agriculture and our work, we don't live off you.
No earthly use up to now, just plenty of messing around.
I recommend that even on these small land plots we should be allowed to build small buildings.
Traditional stone roundhouse ('trim'). Photo: Vivian Grisogono
In my opinion small buildings should be allowed on the Ager, or at least some kind of appropriate structure for storing tools and sheltering livestock, we can't build stone roundhouses these days but we could have something similar, not wooden portacabins as has sometimes happened, but little stone-clad buildings. And there should be asphalted or concreted access tracks to each land plot.
The road between Stari Grad and Vrboska should be asphalted, - access tracks should be repaired, - land plots should be cleared of weeds, - plant residues should be dealt with ecologically, - soil fertility should be monitored - fertilizer should be recommended according to the state of the soil - conduct research into the international area, - reduce the amounts of artificial fertilizer.
Make a road (from white asphalt or some other permitted material) so that tourists, cyclists and we farmers don't have to swallow dust because the whole Hora is under one big fog of dust.
It would be good if the local authorities considered forming an Association of small-scale farmers, to stop the neglect of the Ager, as it is now it will all be taken over by weeds - this is already happening on the Ager.
Contact the Agency for the Management of the Starigrad Plain for information about all current and future projects.
Brambles are rampant on the Ager, ...trees are growing wild... I hope for a Plan and Programme for the Ager, legalization of the field houses, tours (organized) for visitors across the Ager,perhaps the creation of a branded image related to the Ager (to make it easier to market produce), etc. etc.
There should be more care taken over cleaning the Ager and its lands, and funds should be obtained from the EU to encourage cultivation of crops on the Ager.
Less brambles and more cultivated land
Croatia has only a few locations with the status of international heritage, under the protection of UNESCO. Hvar has the Hora, as well as two non-material assets. We can be proud of this. Unfortunately, not, not as the Hora is looking nowadays. Living or owning land on the Hora in this historical heritage site is not pleasant. No apartments, no concrete structures, no asphalt - that's all right! To make the Hora look like the pearl it was in my childhood would take a lot of effort on the part of the farmers, along with support from the State. Without the work and presence of the farmers there are no tidy, beautiful fields. The question is how to motivate them. I see the Hora as vineyards planted with the grape varieties of Pošip, Maraškina, Bogdanuša and Plavac mali. A qualified person should decide where each variety should be planted, and the State should provide seedlings, organize preparation of the land, and the stakes and wires. Interested farmers would establish a Cooperative and winery, where they could work as volunteers alongside two employed professionals, and where they could sell their grapes. The wine produced in this winery would be sold in Stari Grad, which is also part of our historical heritage, and it would be forbidden to sell any other wines until all the Hora wine was sold. So the shops, restaurant and bar owners would be obliged to sell wine made from grapes from the Hora. In this way farming would be made attractive. Because only the farmers can restore the Hora to its proper appearance, and up to now they are the only people who have only losses from the fact that they own land on the Hora. While those who gain from the Hora are the State, people in the hospitality business, shops and those twisted creations called Agrotourism from which animals roam free to ruin the neighbouring vineyards and kill off what little enthusiasm there is of the people who cultivate them.
Mend the road first of all
Access roads and paths, asphalt
It would be good if local farmers could build small sheds or huts for equipment on the Ager.
The road should be asphalted because the Ager attracts tourists and the drystone walls and stone huts should be preserved as our predecessors preserved them
The existing roads should be repaired. Regulations should be established about what local people can and cannot do!
There needs to be better maintenance of the main roads. Consideration should be given to incentives for tidying abandoned fields.
Asphalt the roads and legalize the buildings.
Asphalt the roads, paths; farm buildings.
1. Our ancestors built huts and stone roundhouses (trimovi in Croatian) for protection against the sun and rain, nowadays that is all consigned to the past and we are not allowed to touch anything, so I wonder what we will be leaving to our successors, a jungle? as young people don't go to the fields any more. The wineries take my grapes and don't pay me, they owe all of use grape-growers about 100,000 kunas, and the State about 4,000,000 kunas. 2. We go to our fields in motor vehicles, macadam is for mules and donkeys.
Essential: asphalt the roads for access to the fields, and allow some buildings for equipment.
Roads should be asphalted. And we need buildings for equipment.
Asphalt the roads, provide grants (financial assistance), allow buildings for agricultural needs, provide education for the farmers.
Give the Ager produce a trade-mark symbol.
The Ager is too neglected, the uncultivated areas should be cleaned up, as it is, it is a disgrace. And the road from Stari Grad should be asphalted.
Overgrown untended field on the Stari Grad Plain, February 2019. Photo: Vivian Grisogono
INSECTICIDES. - ECHA approval code PT18(Insecticides, acaricides, products to control other arthropods)
ACTARA 25WG, ACTARA 240SC active ingredient THIAMETHOXAM. Neonicotinoid, EU: not approvedECHA: approved PT18/01/02.2015 - 31/01/2025..
Thiamethoxam possible adverse effects: Highly toxic to aquatic life, with acute and lasting effects; highly toxic to bees; toxic to earthworms; in humans, can be harmful through skin contact, inhalation, and especially ingestion; can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, dizziness, headache; ingestion can cause seizures, coma, hypothermia, respiratory failure, hypotension, ventricular dysrhythmias and death.
AFFIRM OPTI Active ingredient EMAMECTIN BENZOATE. Semi-synthetic derivative of avermectin, derived from soil bacterium Streptomyces avermitilis, EU: Approved 01/05/2014 - 30/04/2024. ECHA: Emamectin benzoate not approved
Emamectin Benzoate possible adverse effects: Highly toxic to bees, birds, aquatic life, aquatic environment, algae; in humans: can cause organ damage, serious eye irritation or damage; muscle tremors, muscle incoordination, vomiting, pulmonary oedema, unconsciousness; skin allergies; toxic through swallowing, inhalation and skin contact.
Deltamethrin possible adverse effects: Toxic to bees; highly toxic to cats; extremely toxic to aquatic life, with long-lasting effects; toxic to fish; also to aquatic herbivorous insects, causing increased algae; in humans can cause ataxia, convulsions leading to muscle fibrillation and paralysis, dermatitis, oedema, diarrhoea, dyspnoea, headache, hepatic microsomal enzyme induction, irritability, peripheral vascular collapse, rhinorrhoea, serum alkaline phosphatase elevation, tinnitus, tremors, vomiting and death due to respiratory failure. Possible allergic reactions: anaphylaxis, bronchospasm, eosinophilia, fever, hypersensitivity pneumonia, pallor, pollinosis, sweating, sudden swelling of the face, eyelids, lips and mucous membranes, and tachycardia.
Alpha-Cypermethrin possible adverse effects: highly toxic to fish, most aquatic organisms and honeybees; toxic to earthworms; possible human carcinogen; can cause irreversible eye damage; serious water pollutant.
LASER active ingredient SPINOSAD, combination of Spinosyn A and Spinosyn D, derived from naturally occurring soil fungi (naturalyte), EU: Approved 01/02/2007 - 15/03/2025. ECHA: Approved, PT18, 01/11/2012. - 30/04/2025.
Spinosad possible adverse effects: Highly toxic to aquatic organisms, with long-lasting effects; highly toxic to bees; toxic to fish and earthworms; in humans can cause allergic reactions and eye irritation.
Acetamiprid possible adverse effects: Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic
environment; highly toxic to honeybees if mixed with piperonyl butoxide or propiconazole; harmful for populations of pollinating insects; harmful to birds and earthworms; dangerous for the environment; in humans: harmful - toxic if swallowed; can be fatal if inhaled; skin irritant.
NORDOX 75WG, which some respondents use against insects, is a copper-based fungicide (see below)
ROGOR 40 active ingredient DIMETHOATE. Organophosphate, EU: not approved.ECHA: not approved
Dimethoate possible adverse effects. Very toxic to bees and aquatic organisms; possibly toxic to wildlife, including birds, and livestock: possible endocrine disruptor; in humans inhalation, swallowing or excess skin contact can cause breathing difficulties, headache, dizziness, tiredness, slurred speech, blurred vision, a lack of coordination, sweating, slow or rapid heart beat, convulsions, incontinence and in extreme cases unconsciousness and death; when swallowed, can also cause vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, faecal incontinence; long-term exposure may lead to impaired memory, depression, irritability, confusion and insomnia; possible human carcinogen (USEPA).
Croatia FIS: Registration for Rogor 40 withdrawn 31/12/2019, deadline 30/06/2020.
HERBICIDES (ECHA has no code for herbicide approval)
BOOM EFEKT. active ingredient GLYPHOSATE. There are at least some 750 glyphosate-based herbicides available in the world markets. Eleven of them, including the widely used Roundup (Cidokor in Croatian), were banned in the EU in 2016. Apart from these, Glyphosate is approved in the EU, 16/12/2017 - 15/12/2022.
Glyphosate, suspected possible adverse effects -in humans: carcinogenic; neurotoxic; genotoxic; contributes to antibiotic resistance; influences pregnancy, fertility, and birth defects; endocrine disruptor; damages DNA, gut bacteria, organs including liver, kidneys and spleen; contributes to Parkinson's Disease and autism. Possible environmental ill-effects: damage to water, fish, aquatic organisms, soil, soil organisms, bees, butterflies, gastropods, trees, plants.
CIDOKOR (Roundup), active ingredient GLYPHOSATE.Croatia FIS: Cidokor not approved
CIDOKOR MAX active ingredient GLYPHOSATE. Croatia FIS: Cidokor Max approved 09/06/2015-01/03/2022,
CIDOKOR PLUS active ingredient GLYPHOSATE. Croatia FIS: Cidokor Plus approved 24/11/2015.-01/03/2022
OURAGAN SYSTEM 4 (URAGAN), active ingredient GLYPHOSATE. Croatia FIS: approved 24/01/2012-24/01/2022
OXALIS active ingredient GLYPHOSATE. Croatia FIS: Oxalis not approved
FUNGICIDES (ECHA has no code for fungicide approval)
ANTRACOLCOMBI WP76, active ingredients PROPINEB(substance type: carbamate), EU: not approved, & CYMOXANIL (substance group cyanoacetamide oxime) EU: Approved 01/09/2009-31/08/2021.
Propineb possible adverse effects: highly toxic to aquatic life; toxic to bees, birds, earthworms; in humans: can cause organ damage, allergic skin reactions; toxic on skin contact; suspected as possible carcinogen, respiratory tract irritant.
Cymoxanil possible adverse effects: very toxic to aquatic life and the aquatic environment, with long-lasting effects; in humans: highly toxic if swallowed; reproductive toxicity, suspected of damaging fertility and the unborn child; skin irritant; eye irritant; prolonged exposure causes organ damage.
Propineb possible adverse effects: highly toxic to aquatic life; toxic to bees, birds, earthworms; in humans: can cause organ damage, allergic skin reactions; toxic on skin contact; suspected as possible carcinogen, respiratory tract irritant.
Croatia FIS: Antracol WG70, Antracol WP70 not approved
BORDOŠKA JUHA (MIX), (BORDEAUX MIXTURE), active ingredients COPPER SULPHATE + HYDRATED LIME / CALCIUM DIHYDROXIDE, EU: Bordeaux Mixture approved 01/01/2019-31/12/2025
Copper Sulphate possible adverse effects:toxic to fish, aquatic invertebrates, aquatic plants, algae, birds, earthworms. In humans: harmful if inhaled, can cause serious eye problems. Associated with increased risk of potentially malignant oral submucous fibrosis, which can lead to oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Calcium dihydroxide possible adverse effects: in humans, causes serious eye damage and skin irritation; may cause respiratory irritation
Croatia FIS: Bordoška juha caffaro 20WP approved 08/07/2004.-31/12/2023; Bordoška juha 20WP manica approved 24/11/2006-31/12/2023.
CABRIO® TOP active ingredients METIRAM (substance group carbamate) EU: Approved 01/07/20016 - 31/01/2021, + PYRACLOSTROBIN (carbamate ester, substance group strobilurin), EU: Approved 01/06/2004 - 31/01/2021.
Metiram possible adverse effects: Moderately toxic to fish; highly toxic to aquatic invertebrates; highly toxic to aquatic life, with long-lasting effects; hazardous to the aquqatic environment; moderately toxic to honeybees and earthworms; in humans: can cause skin and eye irritation; can cause anaemia; toxic if ingested or inhaled; can cause abdominal cramps, vomiting and diarrhoea if ingested; classified as a possible human carcinogen
Pyraclostrobin possible adverse effects: Highly toxic to fish, aquatic life, with long-lasting effects; hazardous to the aquatic environment with long-term effects; in humans: toxic, acutely dangerous if inhaled, can be fatal if swallowed; may cause respiratory irritation; causes eye and skin irritation; causes neurodegeneration; can cause nausea, headache, dizziness, chest pain
Croatia FIS: Cabrio Top approved 07/04/2011.-07/04/2021.
CADILLAC 80 WP active ingredient MANCOZEB (substance group dithiocarbamate), EU: Approved 01/07/2006 - 31/01/2021.
Mancozeb possible adverse effects: toxic to fish, birds, aquatic invertebrates; moderately toxic to bees, earthworms, algae; in humans: possible thyroid disruptor; possible effects on reproduction and development; respiratory tract irritant; eye irritant.
CHROMOSUL 80 active ingredient SULPHUR, EU: Approved 01/01/2010 - 31/12/2020.
Product warnings: to be used no more than four times a year, and never when the vine is fully developed; should not be mixed with propamocarb, captan, heptenophos, oils, bupirimate and folpet.
Sulphur, possible adverse effects: if inhaled can cause coughing, sneezing and respiratory impairment; skin contact can cause redness, itching and burning in sensitive individuals; eye contact can cause painful irritation, redness and tears; ingestion can cause nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea.
CUPRABLAU Z, CUPRABLAU Z ULTRA active ingredients COPPER OXYCHLORIDE, EU: approved 01/01/2019-31/12/2025 & ZINC SULPHIDE
Copper compounds, possible adverse effects: highly toxic to fish, birds, aquatic invertebrates, organisms and plants; toxic to bees and earthworms; sheep, chickens; persists in the soil. In humans can cause nausea, irritation of respiratory tract and skin, eczema. Eye contact can cause conjunctivitis, inflammation of the eyelid lining, excess fluid build-up in the eyelid, clouding of the cornea, cornea tissue deterioration due to ulceration in the eye's mucous membrane.
Long-term, excessive exposure leads to the risk of heavy metal poisoning, including liver disease, brain damage, kidney and intestinal problems, anaemia, mutagenic potential; possible damaging effects on reproduction and development. Symptoms include: a metallic taste in the mouth, burning pain in the chest and abdomen, intense nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, headache, sweating, shock, disrupted urination leading to yellowing of the skin.
Zinc sulphide possible adverse effects: in humans, can be harmful if inhaled or swallowed; can cause skin and eye irritation; can cause headaches and nausea
Croatia FIS:Cuprablau-Z registration withdrawn on 01/01/2020, final deadline for sales of stocks 01/07/2020, final use-by date 01/07/2021; Cuprablau Z Ultra not approved
CUPRABLAU Z 35WG active ingredients COPPER COMPOUNDS, COPPER OXYCHLORIDE, EU: approved 01/01/2019-31/12/2025
Copper compounds, possible adverse effects: highly toxic to fish, birds, aquatic invertebrates, organisms and plants; toxic to bees and earthworms; sheep, chickens; persists in the soil. In humans can cause nausea, irritation of respiratory tract and skin, eczema. Eye contact can cause conjunctivitis, inflammation of the eyelid lining, excess fluid build-up in the eyelid, clouding of the cornea, cornea tissue deterioration due to ulceration in the eye's mucous membrane.
Long-term, excessive exposure leads to the risk of heavy metal poisoning, including liver disease, brain damage, kidney and intestinal problems, anaemia, mutagenic potential; possible damaging effects on reproduction and development. Symptoms include: a metallic taste in the mouth, burning pain in the chest and abdomen, intense nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, headache, sweating, shock, disrupted urination leading to yellowing of the skin.
Croatia FIS: Cuprablau Z 35WG approved 17/04/2019-01/01/2022.
FALCON FORTE, active ingredients: TEBUCONAZOLE, (substance group triazole), EU: Approved 01/09/2009 - 31/08/2020, SPIROXAMINE (substance group morpholine), EU: Approved 01/01/2012 - 31/12/2021, PROTHIOCONAZOLE (substance group triazolinthione)EU: Approved 01/08/2008-31/07/2020
Tebuconazole possible adverse effects: highly toxic to aquatic life, with long-lasting effects; toxic to bees, birds, earthworms; in humans: can damage the unborn child; possible human carcinogen; toxic if swallowed.
Spiroxamine possible adverse effects: very toxic to aquatic life; in humans, suspected of causing damage to the unborn child; may cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure; harmful if swallowed or inhaled; can cause skin irritation and allergic reactions.
Prothiconazole possible adverse effects: toxic to fish, aquatic invertebrates, aquatic crustaceans and sediment dwelling organisms; very toxic to aquatic life, with long-lasting effects; hazardous to the aquatic environment; toxic to honeybees and earthworms; in humans: can affect reproduction and development; possible endocrine disruptor; can cause skin irritation; possible irritant if inhaled
Croatia FIS: Falcon Forte approved 20/03/2019-31/07/2020
FALCON EC 460 active ingredients TEBUCONAZOLE (substance group triazole), EU: Approved 01/09/2009 - 31/08/2020. & SPIROXAMINE (substance group morpholine), EU: Approved 01/01/2012 - 31/12/2021, TRIADIMENOL (substance group triazole) EU not approved
Tebuconazole possible adverse effects: highly toxic to aquatic life, with long-lasting effects; toxic to bees, birds, earthworms; in humans: can damage the unborn child; possible human carcinogen; toxic if swallowed.
Spiroxamine possible adverse effects: very toxic to aquatic life; in humans, suspected of causing damage to the unborn child; may cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure; harmful if swallowed or inhaled; can cause skin irritation and allergic reactions.
Triadimenol possible adverse effects: highly toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects; hazardous to the aquatic environment; causes reproductive disruption in medaka fish and mammals; can harm Eremias argus lizards; causes neurobehavioural effects in rats; in humans: highly toxic if swallowed; may damage fertility; may harm the unborn child; may harm a child being breast-fed; causes eye irritation; causes mild skin irritation
LUNAPRIVILEGE,LUNASENSATION. active ingredients FLUOPYRAM (substance group benzamide, pyramide), EU: Approved 01/02/2014 - 31/01/2024., & TRIFLOXYSTROBIN (substance group strobilurin), EU: approved 01/08/2018-31/07/2033.
Fluopyram possible adverse effects: very toxic to fish, aquatic plants and algae, with long-lasting effects; slightly toxic to bees, birds, earthworms; in humans, can cause serious eye irritation; possibly causes damage to nervous system; affects reproduction, possibly damages the unborn child
Trifloxystrobin possible adverse effects: very toxic to fish, aquatic invertebrates and algae; very toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects; moderately toxic to sediment-dwelling organisms and aquatic plants; moderately toxic to earthworms; low toxicity to honeybees; in humans: can cause problems with reproduction and development; can cause eye irritation and allergic skin reactions
Croatia FIS: Luna Privilege approved 09/02/2015.-31/01/2025.; Luna Sensation approved 09/07/2019.-31/01/2025.
LUNAEXPERIENCEactive ingredients FLUOPYRAM(substance group benzamide, pyramide), EU: Approved 01/02/2014 - 31/01/2024, with TEBUCONAZOLE (substance group triazole), EU: Approved 01/09/2009 - 31/08/2020.
Fluopyram possible adverse effects: very toxic to fish, aquatic plants and algae, with long-lasting effects; slightly toxic to bees, birds, earthworms; in humans, can cause serious eye irritation; possibly causes damage to nervous system; affects reproduction, possibly damages the unborn child
Tebcucozanole possible adverse effects: highly toxic to aquatic life, with long-lasting effects; toxic to bees, birds, earthworms; in humans: can damage the unborn child; possible human carcinogen; toxic if swallowed.
Croatia FIS: Luna Experience approved 19/01/2015.-31/08/2020.
Folpet possible adverse effects: highly toxic to fish and aquatic organisms; probable human carcinogen; causes developmental effects in animals; toxic if inhaled; causes serious eye irritation; can cause allergic skin reactions; moderately toxic to earthworms. ECHA warnings: hazardous to the environment and human health.
Fosetyl-aluminium (Fosetyl-al) possible adverse effects: toxic to mammals, bees, birds, fish, aquatic invertebrates, algae, earthworms; possible human carcinogen; irritant if inhaled, can cause lung damage; causes serious eye irritation or damage; skin irritant
Croatia FIS: Mikal Flash approved 30/11/2006.-31/12/2023. Mikal not approved
Folpet possible adverse effects: highly toxic to fish and aquatic organisms; probable human carcinogen; causes developmental effects in animals; toxic if inhaled; causes serious eye irritation; can cause allergic skin reactions; moderately toxic to earthworms. ECHA warnings: hazardous to the environment and human health.
Fosetyl-aluminium (Fosetyl-al) possible adverse effects: toxic to mammals, bees, birds, fish, aquatic invertebrates, algae, earthworms; possible human carcinogen; irritant if inhaled, can cause lung damage; causes serious eye irritation or damage;skin irritant
Iprovalicarb possible adverse effects: marine pollutant; very toxic to aquatic organisms; toxic to fish and aquatic invertebrates; may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment; moderately toxic to earthworms; in humans: possible carcinogen; corrosive to skin; highly damaging to health if swallowed
Croatia FIS:Mikal Premium F approved 29/11/2007.-31/12/2023.
MODRA GALICA active ingredient COPPER SULPHATE PENTAHYDRATE EU: not listed
Copper Sulphate possible adverse effects:Copper sulphate products are highly toxic to fish, birds, bees and earthworms, toxic to mammals, aquatic invertebrates, aquatic plants, algae, sediment dwelling organisms; highly toxic to the aquatic environment, with long-lasting effects; in humans: possible reproduction and developmental effects; irritant to the respiratory tract; corrosive to skin and eyes; ingestion can cause burning pain in the chest and abdomen, intense nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, headache, sweating, shock, and yellowing of the skin caused by disrupted urination; high doses and prolonged exposure can cause anaemia, also damage to the brain, liver, kidneys and stomach and intestinal linings; people with Wilson's disease (in which copper is absorbed and stored excessively in the body), are at special risk of poisoning from copper-based pesticides; associated with increased risk of potentially malignant oral submucous fibrosis, which can lead to oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Croatia FIS: Modra galica not approved; Modra Galica (Scarmagnan) registration withdrawn on 01/07/2016
NORDOX 75WG active ingredient COPPER OXIDE, EU: approved
Copper compounds, possible adverse effects: highly toxic to fish, birds, aquatic invertebrates, organisms and plants; toxic to bees and earthworms; sheep, chickens; persists in the soil. In humans can cause nausea, irritation of respiratory tract and skin, eczema. Eye contact can cause conjunctivitis, inflammation of the eyelid lining, excess fluid build-up in the eyelid, clouding of the cornea, cornea tissue deterioration due to ulceration in the eye's mucous membrane.
Long-term, excessive exposure leads to the risk of heavy metal poisoning, including liver disease, brain damage, kidney and intestinal problems, anaemia, mutagenic potential; possible damaging effects on reproduction and development. Symptoms include: a metallic taste in the mouth, burning pain in the chest and abdomen, intense nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, headache, sweating, shock, disrupted urination leading to yellowing of the skin.
Croatia FIS: approved 24/01/2002.-31/12/2023.
PERGADO D active ingredients MANDIPROPRAMID (mandelamide) EU: approved 01/08/2013 - 31/07/2023 & MANCOZEB (substance group dithiocarbamate) EU: Approved 01/07/2006 - 31/01/2021
Mandipropamid possible adverse effects: highly toxic to fish and aquatic organisms; moderately toxic to birds and earthworms; can be harmful to the liver and kidneys; eye irritant.ECHA warning:Hazardous to the environment.
Mancozeb possible adverse effects: toxic to fish, birds, aquatic invertebrates; moderately toxic to bees, earthworms, algae; in humans: possible thyroid disruptor; possible effects on reproduction and development; respiratory tract irritant; eye irritant
Croatia FIS: Pergado D approved 28/01/2019 - 31/07/2024.
PERGADO F active ingredients FOLPET (synthetic phthalimide) EU: Approved 01/10/2007 - 31/07/2020, &MANDIPROPRAMID (mandelamide) EU: approved 01/08/2013 - 31/07/2023.
Product Warning: To be used no more than four times during vegetation at intervals of 8 -14 days.
Folpet possible adverse effects: highly toxic to fish and aquatic organisms; probable human carcinogen; causes developmental effects in animals; toxic if inhaled; causes serious eye irritation; can cause allergic skin reactions; moderately toxic to earthworms. ECHA warnings: hazardous to the environment and human health.
Mandipropamid possible adverse effects: highly toxic to fish and aquatic organisms; moderately toxic to birds and earthworms; can be harmful to the liver and kidneys; eye irritant.ECHA warning:Hazardous to the environment.
Croatia FIS: Pergado F approved 26/11/2007.-31/12/2023.
PERGADO MZ active ingredients MANCOZEB (substance group dithiocarbamate) EU: Approved 01/07/2006 - 31/01/2021. &MANDIPROPRAMID (mandelamide) EU: approved 01/08/2013 - 31/07/2023.
Product warning: To be used no more than three times during vegetation
Mancozeb possible adverse effects: toxic to fish, birds, aquatic invertebrates; moderately toxic to bees, earthworms, algae; in humans: possible thyroid disruptor; possible effects on reproduction and development; respiratory tract irritant; eye irritant
Mandipropamid possible adverse effects: highly toxic to fish and aquatic organisms; moderately toxic to birds and earthworms; can be harmful to the liver and kidneys; eye irritant.ECHA warning:Hazardous to the environment.
Pyrimethanil possible adverse effects: toxic to aquatic life, with long-lasting effects; endocrine disruptor in tree frogs, causes liver and kidney damage in non-target species; toxic to earthworms; in humans, possible carcinogen; toxic through skin contact and inhalation
Mancozeb possible adverse effects: toxic to fish, birds, aquatic invertebrates; moderately toxic to bees, earthworms, algae; in humans: possible thyroid disruptor; possible effects on reproduction and development; respiratory tract irritant; eye irritant
Metalaxyl possible adverse effects: toxic to bees, birds, fish, earthworms; in humans: can cause serious eye damage; skin irritant; very harmful if swallowed
RIDOMIL GOLD MZ 68WP active ingredients MANCOZEB (substance group dithiocarbamate) EU: Approved 01/07/2006 - 31/01/2021. and METALAXYL M (substance group phenylamide) EU: Approved 01/07/2010 - 30/06/2023
Mancozeb possible adverse effects: toxic to fish, birds, aquatic invertebrates; moderately toxic to bees, earthworms, algae; in humans: possible thyroid disruptor; possible effects on reproduction and development; respiratory tract irritant; eye irritant
Metalaxyl possible adverse effects: toxic to bees, birds, fish, earthworms; in humans: can cause serious eye damage; skin irritant; very harmful if swallowed
Croatia FIS:Ridomil Gold MZ 68WP not approved
RIDOMIL GOLD PLUS 42,5 WP active ingredients METALAXYL M (substance group phenylamide) EU: Approved 01/07/2010 - 30/06/2023, with COPPER COMPOUNDS: COPPER OXYCHLORIDEEU: Approved 01/01/2019-31/12/2025
Metalaxyl possible adverse effects: toxic to bees, birds, fish, earthworms; in humans: can cause serious eye damage; skin irritant; very harmful if swallowed
Copper compounds, possible adverse effects: highly toxic to fish, birds, aquatic invertebrates, organisms and plants; toxic to bees and earthworms; sheep, chickens; persists in the soil. In humans can cause nausea, irritation of respiratory tract and skin, eczema. Eye contact can cause conjunctivitis, inflammation of the eyelid lining, excess fluid build-up in the eyelid, clouding of the cornea, cornea tissue deterioration due to ulceration in the eye's mucous membrane.
Long-term, excessive exposure leads to the risk of heavy metal poisoning, including liver disease, brain damage, kidney and intestinal problems, anaemia, mutagenic potential; possible damaging effects on reproduction and development. Symptoms include: a metallic taste in the mouth, burning pain in the chest and abdomen, intense nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, headache, sweating, shock, disrupted urination leading to yellowing of the skin. People with Wilson's disease (in which copper is absorbed and stored excessively in the body), are at special risk of poisoning from copper-based pesticides.
Croatia FIS: Ridomil Gold Plus 42.5 WP registration withdrawn 01/01/2020.
RIDOMIL GOLD Ractive ingredients METALAXYL M (substance group phenylamide) EU: Approved 01/07/2010 - 30/06/2023, with COPPER COMPOUNDS: COPPER OXYCHLORIDEEU: Approved 01/01/2019-31/12/2025
Metalaxyl possible adverse effects: toxic to bees, birds, fish, earthworms; in humans: can cause serious eye damage; skin irritant; very harmful if swallowed
Copper compounds, possible adverse effects: highly toxic to fish, birds, aquatic invertebrates, organisms and plants; toxic to bees and earthworms; sheep, chickens; persists in the soil. In humans can cause nausea, irritation of respiratory tract and skin, eczema. Eye contact can cause conjunctivitis, inflammation of the eyelid lining, excess fluid build-up in the eyelid, clouding of the cornea, cornea tissue deterioration due to ulceration in the eye's mucous membrane.
Long-term, excessive exposure leads to the risk of heavy metal poisoning, including liver disease, brain damage, kidney and intestinal problems, anaemia, mutagenic potential; possible damaging effects on reproduction and development. Symptoms include: a metallic taste in the mouth, burning pain in the chest and abdomen, intense nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, headache, sweating, shock, disrupted urination leading to yellowing of the skin. People with Wilson's disease (in which copper is absorbed and stored excessively in the body), are at special risk of poisoning from copper-based pesticides.
Croatia FIS: Ridomil Gold R approved 11/04/2017.-30/06/2021.
Sulphur, possible adverse effects: if inhaled can cause coughing, sneezing and respiratory impairment; skin contact can cause redness, itching and burning in sensitive individuals; eye contact can cause painful irritation, redness and tears; ingestion can cause nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea.
TILT CB 187,5 FW active ingredients PROPICONAZOLE, (substance group triazole) EU:not approved. and CARBENDAZIM (substance group benzimidamole) EU: Not approved
Propiconazole possible adverse effects: highly toxic to fish; in humans, highly irritant to eyes and skin; harmful if swallowed, inhaled or absorbed through the skin; can cause skin allergies; possible liver toxicant; possible endocrine disruptor; classified as possible carcinogen by USEPA
Carbendazim possible adverse effects: highly toxic to aquatic organisms and the aquatic environment, with long-lasting effects; toxic to earthworms; moderately toxic to honeybees; in humans, may cause genetic defects; may damage fertility and the unborn child;
Croatia FIS:Tilt CB 187.5FW not approved
TILT 250 EC active ingredient PROPICONAZOLE, (substance group triazole) EU:not approved
Propiconazole possible adverse effects: highly toxic to fish; in humans, highly irritant to eyes and skin; harmful if swallowed, inhaled or absorbed through the skin; can cause skin allergies; possible liver toxicant; possible endocrine disruptor; classified as possible carcinogen by USEPA
Croatia FIS: not approved.
TOPAS100EC active ingredient PENCONAZOLE, substance group triazole EU: Approved 01/01/2012 - 31/12/2021
Penconazole possible adverse effects: toxic to bees, birds, fish, aquatic invertebrates and algae; suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child; possible endocrine disruptor; harmful if swallowed
UNIVERSALIS, active ingredients AZOXYSTROBIN(substance group strobilurin) EU: Approved 01/01/2012 - 31/12/2024 and FOLPET(synthetic phthalimide) EU: Approved 01/10/2007 - 31/07/2020.
Azoxystrobin possible adverse effects: highly toxic to aquatic organisms and the aquatic environment, with long-lasting effects; highly toxic to hoverfly larvae; toxic to fish, earthworms; in humans, suspected possible carcinogen; toxic if swallowed or inhaled; skin and eye irritant.
Folpet possible adverse effects: highly toxic to fish and aquatic organisms; probable human carcinogen; causes developmental effects in animals; toxic if inhaled; causes serious eye irritation; can cause allergic skin reactions; moderately toxic to earthworms. ECHA warnings: hazardous to the environment and human health.
Croatia FIS: approved 21/05/2007.-31/12/2023.
For a more comprehensive listing of pesticides in common use in Croatia, please refer to 'Pesticide Products in Croatia'; for a list of pesticide active substances together with their possible adverse effects and the scientific sources of the information, see 'Pesticides and their Adverse Effects'
Lots of dogs have a tough time on Hvar and in other parts of Croatia. Helping dogs in need can be tricky. These are basic guidelines to help show you what can and can't be done.
As July progresses, the grapes ripen on the vines, ready to reach their full luscious ripeness later on in August. However, foraging is not recommended.
Poisons, definitely not! Eco Hvar's campaign against the indiscriminate use of chemical pesticides to kill off unwanted insects and other 'pests' began many years ago.
These delicate-looking, exquisite creatures play an important part in the natural chain. They are especially useful to humans because of their voracious appetite for mosquitoes and other biting insects such as midges.
Steve Jones of Dol recounts his observations during June and July 2019, a mixture of some disappointments balanced by unexpected joys, including a couple of bird rescues!
In an event of huge significance to the Catholic population of the island, relics of St. John Paul II were brought to the parishes of Vrisnik and Pitve in September 2021, thanks to parish priest Don Robert Bartoszek.
"My connection to Croatia is unbreakable. I feel it as a cord of turquoise and rosemary and cicadas and curry plants, from my heart to that island. I feel blessed every single day to have Croatia in my heart."
Church bells are part of daily life all over Croatia. Splitska on Brač Island is one of the few places where the bells are rung by hand and not electronically controlled.
The exhibition of Croatia's cultural heritage as recognized on the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List reflects Hvar's wealth of prized assets and traditions.
Jelsa's Elementary School is outstanding in promoting worthwhile extra-curricular activities. Photography is one which gives pupils a special experience of the world around them.
The replanting project to rejuvenate Hvar's woodlands with autochthonous black pines continued at the end of January, backed by a mobile exhibition highlighting the importance of trees for the island.
Dr.Radoslav Bužančić's London lecture entitled ‘Diocletian’s Palace in Split: New Discoveries’ aroused great interest among experts in archaeology, architecture, history of art, museology and the protection of cultural monuments and heritage.
In response to a request from Hvar's registered charity Dignitea, the EC has sent a full explanation of the regulations which should be applied to the proposed oil and gas drilling in the Adriatic.
On 7th October each year the Catholic Church in Croatia celebrates the victory in the battle of Lepanto, coupled with the feast of Our Lady of the Rosary.
This is the story of a pony who has captivated the hearts of all around him in the quiet inland village of Svirče on Hvar. He is a walking symbol of unconditional love!
There's nothing Luki likes better than exploring the lesser known areas of Hvar Island. The eastern region is largely overlooked and (mercifully) underdeveloped, so it is perfect territory for Luki and his friends.
Lucky Luki revels joyfully in his explorations of Hvar's boundless beauties. The Galešnik fortress in the hill to the south above Jelsa is one of his regular haunts.
From Skittish Stari Grad Street Dog to Alpha Canine Queen of Dol, Sveta Ana. Evening Lategano of the Suncrokret Body and Soul Retreat in Dol tells the story of Maza's rescue.
Despite the local authorities' attempts to control mosquitoes with pesticides, many have complained that the mosquitoes on the island are more virulent than ever.
Query: It was a pleasant surprise to come across your article regarding olive oil making in Dalmatia. Me and my husband have taken it up as a serious hobby to be involved in the olive oil process in m...
I am staying at the Hotel Berulia in Brela and have been feeding a mother,father and five kittens about (10 weeks old). Do they get rid of the kittens in the winter when there are no guests?
We are currently visiting your lovely island and are staying in the Amfora Hotel. Since our arrival we have fallen in love with a beautiful stray young cat.
Hello I was staying in Hvar Town for 5 days last week in June 14 and we tried our best to care for the kittens, cats we have seen as they were so very skinny. What is keeping me awake at night back in...
Resulting from the successful European Citizens' Initiative Petition, in which 1,1 million Europeans asked for an end to pesticide use, there will be a hearing in the EU Parliament on January 24th 2023.
Due to the effects of the Covid-19 virus, in 2020 the Ministry of Tourism announced financial relief measures for those engaged in the tourist industry.
The novel coronavirus named Covid-19 has ravaged the world. Being new, its spread has been swift and fierce, in the absence of a vaccine or known effective treatment measures.
In memory of one of Hvar's best-loved sons, cultural society Matica Hrvatska is launching Nikša Petrić's book about Hvar's heritage in the Hvar Town Loggia on Tuesday September 8th 2015 at 20:00.
Stari Grad's fire service has confirmed the conditions governing lighting fires outdoors. The restrictions apply generally across Croatia, with some minor variations, and are enforced.
A listing of pesticides which are, or have been in common use in Croatia, with the official warnings of their side-effects and the known side-effects of their active constituents.
This is a guide to the systems governing chemical pesticide regulation, registers and laws, with an overview of some of the many problems arising from pesticide use.
For several years, the local councils of Jelsa, Stari Grad and Hvar have routinely sprayed the streets against mosquitoes, flies and other 'flying pests'. Is this a good thing?
Would I find myself driving home through a mist of toxic chemicals if I caught the 20:30 ferry back from Split? That was the question on 27th September 2017.
A bee sting can cause a severe allergic reaction in a vulnerable person. Under current Croatian law, insects which cause allergic reactions must be subjected to an annual programme of suppression.
The look of abject terror on the monkey's face is a haunting picture, the stuff of nightmares for anyone with an ounce of empathy for torture victims, whether human or animal. Animals are frontline victims of dangerous chemicals.
Because we at Eco Hvar are very concerned about the shortcomings of the mosquito liquidation programme on Hvar and around Croatia, we have petitioned the Minister for Health to re-consider the methods used.
From October 1st 2016, the sale of Roundup (Croatian Cidokor) and 11 other similar glyphosate-based herbicides was banned in the European Union. The ban should serve as a wake-up call to all users, supporters and promoters of pesticides.
Our request to Croatian local and national authorities to review the insect suppression programme has produced a lamentable response so far. It's hard getting the message across, but we will keep trying.
The manufacturers have claimed that the herbicide Roundup, whose active ingredient is glyphosate, is "safe enough to drink", and many people are naive enough to believe this.
When the World Health Organization defined Glyphosate as “probably carcinogenic to humans”, it should have put an immediate stop to the sale and use of Glyphosate-based herbicides.
Donations can be made in kunas or foreign currencies such as euros, pounds, dollars and Swiss francs. Please let us know when you have made a donation, especially if you require an official receipt, as the bank does not always identify donors. All donations, however small, are very welcome.
ECO HVAR BANK DETAILS
Privredna Banka Zagreb d.d.
Poslovnica 220 Pjaca, Pjaca 1
21465 Jelsa, Croatia
IBAN: HR37 2340 0091 1106 0678 6 (Account number)
SWIFT CODE: PBZGHR2X
Account name: ECO HVAR
Account address: Pitve 93, 21465 Jelsa, Croatia
If the payment slip has a box for 'further details' or 'further information' you should enter the Charity's OIB: 14009858487, and state 'donation' or 'donacija'.
About The Site
The site contains articles and information on topics related to health, the environment and animal welfare.
While the focus is on Hvar Island in Dalmatia, much of the information is relevant to the rest of Croatia, and some to Europe, the United States and the rest of the world.
The main language of the site is English, but articles in Croatian are being added as quickly as possible. Some of the Croatian articles are translations, some original. Book reviews are in the language of the publication being reviewed.
To see all the articles archived in each category, click on the category name which is given below the title of each article (Environment, Highlights, Notices etc).
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Exclusive: UAE using site to ‘control narrative’ amid criticism of oil boss leading climate summit, say critics
The Cop28 president, Sultan Al Jaber, has been accused of attempting to “greenwash” his image after it emerged that members of his team had edited Wikipedia pages that highlighted his role as CEO of the Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (Adnoc).
Work by Al Jaber’s team on his and the climate summit’s Wikipedia entries include adding a quote from an editorial that said Al Jaber – the United Arab Emirates minister for industry and advanced technology – was “precisely the kind of ally the climate movement needs”. They also suggested that editors remove reference to a multibillion-dollar oil pipeline deal he signed in 2019, the Centre for Climate Reporting and the Guardian can reveal.
Rich nations should pay for biodiversity loss, which disproportionately affects poor countries, say scientists
Wealthy countries should pay for the loss and damage they cause to nature in poorer countries in the same way as for climate impacts, researchers have argued.
At the Cop27 climate talks in November, world leaders agreed to a dedicated “loss and damage” fund providing financial assistance to poor nations stricken by climate disaster. More developed countries, which are largely responsible for driving climate breakdown, are to pay compensation to poorer nations, which are typically more vulnerable to its impacts.
Exclusive: England, Scotland and Wales survey reports similar response to people with gas boilers
More than 80% of households that have replaced their gas boilers with an electric heat pump are satisfied with their new heating system, according to the first major survey of heat pump users.
Those who use heat pumps to warm their homes reported broadly similar levels of satisfaction to those with gas boilers, the survey commissioned by the innovation charity Nesta found.
Sorrento, Italy: A hornet scoots through thistley plumes and wall-lizards defy gravity. Behind it all, Vesuvius looks ready to blow
Watching Vesuvius, waiting for a sign. Seen from the rooftops and cliffs of the Amalfi coast, the most active volcano on the European mainland is suspiciously silent in silver light behind clouds. We’re in Sorrento for our granddaughter’s wedding, a momentous event for us. But every now and then, a space opens into the place itself, into its poppy-punctuated story of olive groves and the psychedelic zest of Sfusato d’Amalfi lemon orchards between sheer cliffs and the sea.
Watching a storm – during the wettest, weirdest May here for over 20 years – haul over the mountains as if in pursuit of some adversary, the focus switches to nearby lives and a random question: could some tiny ripple in the ecology of moments spark Vesuvius’ cataclysmic potential? For here are a few such unstill lives: a hornet, Vespa crabro, the predatory motor scooter of wasps, hunts through thistley plumes over a wall where gravity-defying Italian wall-lizards, Podarcis siculus,flick in and out of question marks.
Low demand combined with sunny conditions and meltwater lifts hydro and solar production
Over the last week, several European countries had power prices in the wholesale energy market dip into negative values during daylight hours. The decline in prices was mostly driven by the abundance of available energy generated by renewable sources, combined with the relatively low demand for energy for heating or cooling, caused by normal springtime temperatures.
Negative prices often occur when there is an excess supply of electricity in the market. This can happen when renewable energy sources such as wind, solar, or hydro produce a large quantity of electricity that exceeds demand and cannot be stored for later use. In such cases, producers may offer negative prices to incentivise wholesale consumers to take the surplus electricity off the grid and avoid overloading the system. This situation occurred due to an area of high pressure dominating across much of central and north-west Europe, providing lots of solar power generation across the area. Meanwhile, Finland experienced an oversupply of hydroelectric power resulting from excessive springtime meltwater, which in turn led to negative prices here as well.
A study is under way in the water-scarce region to see if commodity farmers can use the regenerative technique of cover cropping as a way to adapt to rapidly changing weather conditions
In one of the toughest growing regions in the US, commercial farmers like Frank Machac are experimenting with a style of ancient agriculture more known for soil health than profit.
They are perhaps unlikely budding agroecologists. “My number one concern is yield, I’m not worrying about climate change,” said Machac, 60, a ruddy-faced straight talker with 30 years’ farming experience in the Rio Grande Valley (RGV).
No one has yet been able to sail an autonomous boat across the Atlantic, but a young couple in Wales hope their craft will revolutionise ocean monitoring of temperatures, wildlife and more
When Anahita Laverack and Ciaran Dowds tested their robot boat for the first time off the coast of Wales, it was not smooth sailing. The 23-year-olds, both engineering graduates from Imperial College London, launched their autonomous craft – a 4ft, unmanned vessel – from a sailboat off the coast of Aberystwyth last July.
Although the seas were rough, the robot boat “performed beautifully”, says Dowds – but he did not.
Around the world, different species are shifting their habitats upwards, with potentially catastrophic results for our ecosystems
In the Alps and Apennines of southern Europe, nearly all the longhorn beetles are moving uphill, and way up at the peaks, the isolation of a brown butterfly with orange-tipped wings is pushing it towards extinction. This is a snapshot of a global trend. With temperatures rising and pressure on biodiversity growing, insects vital to our ecosystems are not only moving north and south, but up.
Research shows many animals are making similar moves, but insects’ high levels of mobility and short generation times allow them to respond quickly to change, meaning the uphill momentum can be rapid. Bumblebees in the Pyrenees have moved upwards on average by more than a metre a year, with some species making significantly greater journeys. Moths on Borneo’s Mount Kinabalu have followed suit.
Crumlin Glen, County Antrim: Along this deeply wooded riverside path, I follow an impish male – or is it two?
The steep sides of the ravine amplify the dawn chorus above the rush of the Crumlin River, which tumbles over black basalt from its source on Divis Mountain to its mouth at Lough Neagh. I look up at the first hesitant trills of a blackcap. His stutter climbs to a few clear notes, then babbles to a halt, as if the bird were suddenly shy of the liquid beauty of his own song.
I stop to listen for more. At first there’s only silence – then another outburst. It could be the same bird, gaining confidence; or it might be his neighbour, anxious to remind him of their territorial boundary. Either way, the voice is directly along this riverside path. I go on.
For years, two communities in southeast Colombia have worked to protect the black caiman — the largest predator in the Amazon River basin, which was hunted to near extinction in the area for its highly-prized skin.
As climate change accelerates, there's a growing sense of urgency to address how changes to our ecosystems can lead to conflict. For years, Conservation International has worked to bring environmental peacebuilding and conflict sensitivity to its work.
Three years after Australia’s most devastating fire season ever, new images from motion-activated cameras placed across the country’s scorched forests are giving researchers an unequaled view into wildlife recovery.
Conservation International is powered by 1,500 people in more than 30 countries — their interests, like their hometowns, are all over the map. In this monthly feature, our experts share some of their favorite things.
Conservation International CEO M. Sanjayan embarks on the second year of an ambitious global journey for the PBS series “Changing Planet,” which explores how six of the world’s most iconic biomes — from Africa’s savannas to the icecaps of the Arctic — are adapting to climate change.
The Indonesian government has granted six species of threatened “walking sharks” the highest level of protection — a move experts hope will lead to the conservation of other sharks, whose numbers have plummeted due largely to the shark fin trade.
Years ahead of schedule, Bolivia has met an ambitious goal to protect 30 percent of its land — and that's thanks in large part to Amazonian towns and villages that are accelerating the pace and scale of conservation in the country.
In eastern California, a Great Basin bristlecone pine known as Methuselah has long been considered Earth’s oldest living thing. But in Chile, a new challenger has emerged that could be 500 years older than the reigning champ.
Nature saw ups and downs in 2021, and Conservation News was there for it all. From deep-sea discoveries to new ways of protecting carbon-rich coastal ecosystems, here are some of our top read articles of the year.