Pesticidi: kontrola i odgovornost

Korištenje kemijskih otrova izmaklo se kontroli u velikom dijelu modernog svijeta. Zaštitne mjere u teoriji postoje, u praksi su nedovoljne. Na svakoj je razini odgovornosti potrebno unaprijediti praksu. Ovo su naši prijedlozi kako postići nužna unapređenja.

Pesticidi, odobrenja, skandali

Ove jeseni je zabranjeni pesticid Klorpirifos pronađen u hrvatskim mandarinama uzgajanim za domaće tržište, ali i za izvoz. Šok i nevjerica! No stvarno nevjerojatno je to što je ovaj pogubno opasan pesticid Europska Unija odobrila 1. lipnja davne 2006. godine. On se na široko koristio po cijeloj regiji sve dok nije formalno zabranjen 16. veljače 2020. godine, sa finalnim rokom uporabe do 16. travnja 2020. Ipak, evo ga još uvijek u uporabi tri godine nakon. Zašto je Klorpirifos uopće bio odobren, prije no što su obavljena nužna testiranja koja pokazuju razmjere štete koju uzrokuje? U najmanju ruku, zašto nije povučen čim su rizici postali jasni? Zašto ne postoji kontrola nad krajnjim korisnicima? Zašto potrošači nisu bolje zaštićeni?

Skandal s Klorpirifosom nije izolirani incident. Ovo nije ništa iznenađujuće, pošto se kemijski pesticidi odobravaju na temelju uglavnom neobjavljenih industrijskih studija; neovisna istraživanja štetnih učinaka zahtijevaju vremena, stoga njihovi rezultati dolaze mnogo kasnije. Krajnje je vrijeme da nadležni organi unaprijede zaštitne mjere i osiguraju njihovu primjenu u praksi. Europska Unija i Europska Komisija odgovorne su za većinu zakona koji se tiču kemijskih tvari. Države članice EU-a odgovorne su za pesticide koji se koriste na njihovom teritoriju. U Hrvatskoj je Ministarstvo poljoprivrede nadležno za regulaciju takozvanih „sredstava za zaštitu bilja“ koja se koriste u poljoprivredi. Ministarstvo zdravstva upravlja biocidima, kemikalijama čija bi uporaba trebala zaštititi ljudsko zdravlje. Biocidi se koriste u sklopu godišnjeg programa mjera suzbijanja patogenih mikroorganizama, štetnih člankonožaca i štetnih glodavaca, koje Ministarstvo zdravstva delegira Hrvatskom zavodu za javno zdravstvo, a on pak delegira program regionalnim zavodima za javno zdravstvo.

Europski neuspjeh

U studenom 2023. europske su vlasti odustale od pretvaranja da štite europske građane od štetnih učinaka kemijskih pesticida. Europski parlament nije izglasao zabranu herbicida Glifosat, a Europska komisija je tada predložila produljenje njegove dozvole za daljnjih deset godina. Europski parlament također nije u potpunosti podržao prijedlog 'Zelenog dogovora' (tzv. 'Green Deal') za smanjenje upotrebe pesticida u sljedećih nekoliko godina. Zašto? Zato što su odlučili ignorirati objavljena neovisna znanstvena istraživanja i volju tisuća građana EU-a, oslanjajući se na pretežno neobjavljene 'studije' financirane od agrokemijske industrije.

Sada je na nama red!

To znači da odgovornost za zaštitu ljudskog zdravlja i bioraznolikost okoliša izravno pada na sve nas. Nacionalne, regionalne i lokalne vlasti moraju provoditi potrebne politike, posebno u pogledu javnih prostora, parkova, šuma, izvora vode i morskog okoliša. Iznad svega, pojedinci moraju razumjeti opasnosti korištenja bilo koje vrste kemijskih pesticida u domovima, vrtovima ili poljima.

Zabrana pesticida u Općini Jelsa: primjeri loše prakse

Odredbom Vijeća (Službeni glasnik Općine Jelsa, 07.09.2010., III. Čl.32 / 9) već dugi niz godina zabranjeno je korištenje neekoloških sredstava, odnosno kemijskih pesticida za uništavanje korova i štetočina u javnim prostorima. Ipak, tijekom niza godina u praksi su korišteni u jelšanskom parku kemijski pesticidi kao što su Ouragan System 4 (aktivna tvar glifosat), Pyrinex 48EC (aktivna tvar klorpirifos) i Revive II (aktivna tvar emamektin benzoat). U travnju 2022. hvarske prometnice prskane su herbicidom iz kombija, oznakama 'Hrvatske Ceste'. Pojedini građani su koristili herbicide na javnim stazama, pa čak i na starim potocima, potpuno neovlašteno. Svake godine se sve prometnice prskaju tri puta tijekom ljeta piretroidnim insekticidima i to sredstvima koja su zabranjena u EU-u za vanjsku upotrebu, jer su previše opasna za okoliš i pčele.

Ignoriranje Odredbi

Očito ljudi nisu svjesni koliku štetu nanosi ta količina opasnih otrova u okolišu i time ignoriraju Odredbu Vijeća. Rezultati su itekako vidljivi na otoku. Svake godine sve je manje ptica, šišmiša, insekata, divljih životinja, plus iscrpljenog tla u poljima. Što se tiče zdravlja ljudi, koliko otočana boluje od raka? Postoji relativno visoka učestalost, uključujući rak prostate i dojke, leukemija, non-Hodgkins limfom, kao i problemi sa štitnjačom. Brojne su neurološke bolesti kao što je Parkinsonova bolest. Kemijski pesticidi mogu biti čimbenik svih ovih i mnogih drugih zdravstvenih problema.

Štetan utjecaj na turizam

Jedan važan dio ponude u hvarskom turizmu je 'netaknuta priroda'. Tragično, raširena uporaba pesticida potkopava temelje glavnih prednosti otoka.

Djelujte sada kako biste spasili ljude i sačuvali prekrasnu prirodu Hvara i Hrvatske za buduće generacije!

Vivian Grisogono MA(Oxon), studeni 2023.

Prijevod Josip Vlainić i dr.

Za detalje naših prijedloga nadležnim tjelima za spasiti ljudi i okoliš od štetnih učinaka kemijskih pesticida klinite ovdje.

Drugi srodni članci: Pesticidi, zašto nePesticidi pronađeni u kući u Svirčima na Hvaru; Testiranje na pesticide

Nalazite se ovdje: Home opasni otrovi Pesticidi: kontrola i odgovornost

Novosti: Ekologija.hr

  • Hélène Duguy is taking on companies accused of failing to stop Pfas pollution in the area of France she calls home

    The factories were just part of the landscape for Hélène Duguy growing up in the heart of an area known as France’s “Chemical Valley”.

    “Those factories are visible from my mother’s apartment,” says Duguy, 34, whose mother still lives in St-Genis-Laval, south of Lyon.

    Continue reading...

  • Poll also finds sizeable majorities who believe it should be easier to install air con in homes

    Given the choice, more people across six major European nations including the UK favour encouraging the adoption of air conditioning over keeping carbon emissions down, a survey has found.

    After four extreme heatwaves that have caused thousands of excess deaths across the continent, the survey showed between 30% and 52% of people in six countries had feared for their household’s health in temperatures close to or above 40C (104F).

    Continue reading...

  • Phillip Island’s ‘iconic’ little penguins get first bird flu vaccinations in what is thought to be largest program of its kind

    More than 1,000 little penguins have received their first dose of bird flu vaccine in Victoria, in what is believed to be the world’s largest vaccination program involving wild birds.

    Catherine Basterfield, the chief executive of Phillip Island Nature Parks, said vaccinations began early last week and were ramping up.

    Continue reading...

  • Pair are offspring of two beavers who mysteriously arrived in Pensthorpe nature reserve near Fakenham in December

    Wild beaver kits have been born in Norfolk for the first time in more than 500 years.

    The pair of newborns are the offspring of two free-living beavers who mysteriously arrived in Pensthorpe nature reserve near Fakenham in December.

    Continue reading...

  • Tylorstown, Rhondda Valley: These coal areas are shaped by fire and ash. I find a high point to try and survey the damage

    My friend John and I are climbing Tylorstown Tip – a summit also known as Old Smokey, named after the hot ash it was partly made with. We want to see how much of south Wales has burned.

    The tip towers over the surrounding hills, a perfect crow’s nest from which to witness the blackening of the region. From the summit, with its sitka spruce and flowering heather, the expanse of St Gwynno’s forest spreads out before us, all 6,533 acres of it. Browned, dead plantation forestry gives way to grassland burned to cinder. A veil of smoke lies above the forest for miles.

    Continue reading...

  • Farmer Derek Sayer let a boggy field run wild and just one annual hay-cut has led to remarkable biodiversity

    Tucked away on a country lane, a small field bursts with yellow and pink flowers. Quail and whitethroats call from the thick hedges and the plants, including common centaury, yellow rattle and marsh and common spotted orchids, bounce with hoverflies and butterflies.

    More than 150 plant species have been recorded on Sayer’s Old Meadow, in north Norfolk, England, which is remarkable when there was just one – oilseed rape – growing there 21 years ago.

    Continue reading...

  • Similar initiatives have been launched from Barcelona to Bogotá, but they have misinformation, political pressure and vested interests stacked against them

    Ten years ago, Alastair Harper was an advocate for young people’s health sitting in a stuffy meeting room in London planning an air pollution campaign. “My phone started buzzing,” he said. “I took the call, and then told the room I needed to leave immediately.

    “I had to get to UCLH [one of London’s major hospitals]. My own child was headed there in a blue-lit ambulance because she was struggling to breathe London’s toxic air.”

    Continue reading...

  • Henry Astor looked back to his grandfather’s time for the inspiration to find older varieties that could help nature on his Cotswold farm

    It is the earliest harvest Henry Astor can remember. But walking through the scorched wheatfields of his Cotswolds farm, signs of life are everywhere – swarms of insects, kaleidoscopic wildflower meadows, bushy hedgerows several metres wide. A yellowhammer perches on a nearby tree.

    There are 18 other red-listed birds on the farm, says Astor, who this year ringed 23 barn owls, three kestrels, two little owls as well as goshawk chicks. “Last winter we had clouds of goldfinch, chaffinch and greenfinch,” he says. Britain has lost 73 million birds since 1970; but at Bruern Farms, a small but welcome reversal is taking shape.

    Continue reading...

  • The Democratic and the Republican candidate each blame the other for the bungled recovery effort after storm struck region

    Two years after North Carolina suffered the worst natural disaster in its history when Hurricane Helene struck the state’s western half, life in the hardest-hit areas appears back to normal. Downtowns are lively, blocked roads have been reopened and rivers are flowing below their banks.

    But the telltale evidence of the disaster’s expensive impacts can still be seen – from “for rent” signs in storefronts whose businesses never came back to debris from the storm still lurking in some waterways. And in the race for North Carolina’s US Senate seat, it’s almost as if the hurricane never left.

    Continue reading...

  • With limited electricity and poor ventilation, many families in Nasirabad have little to shield them from temperatures of up to 50C

    As the first light reaches Nasirabad, a queue of men, women and children has already formed outside the town’s ice factory, with their buckets, sacks and plastic containers. Among those hoping to buy some ice to help their families endure another scorching day is 12-year-old Taimoor, in his school uniform. He says it is his most important task of the day.

    “If I do not bring the ice, how will we endure the heat at home?” he says. “And how will we drink water that feels as though it is boiling?”

    Continue reading...

Novosti: Cybermed.hr

Novosti: Biologija.com