Eco Hvar

Kemijski pesticidi: da li su potrebni?

Postoje li alternative kemijskim pesticidima? Da, naravno.

Leptir i sinerarija Leptir i sinerarija Foto: Vivian Grisogono

U poljoprivredi mogu biti pesticidi istisnuti na razne načine kroz prirodnija sredstva za suzbijanje neželjenih biljaka, biljnih bolesti i insekata. Postoje razne metode za kontrolu insekata, uključujući i jedan patentiran u 2006. godini, koji koristi gljive u zaštiti usjeva od insekata. Hvar ima bogatstvo biljaka, koje se mogu pripremiti kako bi se mogli iskoristiti za ekološku poljoprivredu. Ne zaboravljajući, da je tradicionalna metoda suzbijanja korova u vinogradima bila sadnja graha između vinove loze. Dakle, umjesto grožđa isprepletenog opasnim herbicidima, vlasnik je dobivao dva čista zdrava usjeva. Ovce su uvijek dobro obavljali svoj zadatak, da održavaju maslinike bez korova. Ekološka poljoprivreda uključuje pošten fizički rad, kao i razumijevanje toga, kako biljke rastu i u kakvoj su interaciji sa okolišem. Ekološke metode su u konačnici znatno jeftinije od kemikalija.

Košenje korova. Foto: Vivian Grisogono

Kada sam preuzela svoja vlastita polja prije desetak godina, onih nekoliko stabala – četiri masline, dvije smokve, jedno jadno stablo badema – bili su poprilično ugušeni nekontroliranim, divljim raslinjem (ok, korovom za neke) starim nekoliko godina. Polja su pokošena i prekopana dva puta kako bi se vratio red. Ručno čupanje korova i košenje je od tada uvijek bilo dovoljno za održavanje takvog reda. Nikada nisam koristila pesticide ili umjetna gnojiva. Neka područja su ostavljena tako ‘divlja‘. Koje su prednosti? Mogu sigurno jesti svo bilje, koje nikne iz zemlje, kao i plodove stabala. Jako se veselim kada se pojave moje omiljene divlje biljke, aromatično bilje, komorač ili moja orhideja.

Tragopogon, prekrasna divlja biljka. Foto: Vivian Grisogono

Postoji čak i raznoliko životinjsko carstvo, fazani, fascinantni insekti i tragovi drugih zanimljivih bića. Moja stabla proizvode zadovoljavajuće rezultate, savršene za moje potrebe. U 2016. godini su moje masline imali lijepih 15% prinosa, moj najbolji prinos do sada. 

Ekološki uzgoj, zaštita od korova uz pomoć folije. Foto: Vivian Grisogono

Komercijalni poljoprivrednici obično tvrde, da im pesticidi štede vrijeme. To je vrlo sporno. Kemijski pesticidi nisu efikasni, osim kratkoročno. U svakom slučaju, postoji stalna i sve veća potražnja za organski uzgojenom hranom, kako potrošači postaju svjesni zdravstvenih pogodnosti takve hrane. Hrvatska ekološka poljoprivreda je žalosno mali sektor, ali uz postojanje sve većeg broja ljudi, koji su spremni kupovati organski uzgojenu hranu, i ovaj sektor je u porastu. Turisti na Hvaru očekuju, da će pronaći svježe organske proizvode. Njihovo razočaranje je štetno, ne samo financijski. U svakom pogledu, isplati se uzgajati organski.

Što se tiče komaraca, postoje li bolje načine nego prskanje insekticidima? Prirodno! Nije to tako davno, kada nikakvi tigrasti komarci nisu postojali, ali bilo je dovoljno šišmiša, koji su jeli doslovno stotine komaraca kad god bi imali priliku. Ako bi smo uspjeli opet stvoriti uvjete za šišmiše i druge predatore za komarce, bio bi to veliki napredak.

© Vivian Grisogono MA(Oxon), 2016.

Prijevod Ivana Župan

Video sadržaj

na vrh članka
Nalazite se ovdje: Home opasni otrovi Kemijski pesticidi: da li su potrebni?

Novosti: Ekologija.hr

  • Nearly 1,500 missing, mostly tourists, after Nepal-Tibet flash flood kills at least 165

    Entire villages swept away after glacial collapse triggers flood in mountainous region popular with trekkers and pilgrims

    Nearly 1,500 people are missing, the majority of them tourists, authorities have said, after a catastrophic flash flood hit Nepal and Tibet, roaring down valleys and wiping out entire villages, with the preliminary death toll standing at 165.

    Rescuers are racing to locate people missing in the mountainous region popular with trekkers and pilgrims, including the hundreds of nationals from India, the US, UK, Australia and Canada.

    Continue reading...

  • ‘Sad moments ahead’: Kew Gardens to fell rare trees in race to save Victorian greenhouse

    Horticulturalists begin moving and propagating plants before the rusty and warped Palm House begins renovation – but some are too tall to save

    It will be a gut-wrenching moment for the horticulturalists at Kew Gardens when some of the magnificent trees in the Palm House have to be felled.

    “There are some sad moments ahead,” said Palm House manager, Will Spoelstra, who knows all the plants inside the cathedral-like greenhouse.

    Continue reading...

  • ‘Forever chemicals’ surge during pilot of Thames Water plan to combat drought

    Exclusive: utility company wants to draw off tens of millions of litres of water a day from Thames and replace it with treated effluent

    Levels of a toxic “forever chemical” rose to 13 times the legal limit during Thames Water pilots for a controversial multimillion pound water recycling scheme that will pump millions of litres of treated sewage into the River Thames during drought.

    The data from the pilots is in stark contrast to public comments from Thames Water that their water recycling project in south-west London will not harm the riverine environment.

    Continue reading...

  • The flat-pack skyscraper: how wood can shape the cities of the future

    Our buildings are monuments to extraction and extreme emissions. But what if we turned from destructive concrete to timber?

    • Last chance to buy the summer issue of The Long Read magazine, now with 15% off. Click here to order

    I travelled to Oslo in the early autumn. It felt like arriving into the future. Or, at least, a fragment of a possible future. I drove north in the quiet digital bubble of my electric rental car. In 2024, Norway became the first country in the world where electric cars outnumbered petrol cars.

    A smooth, pristine motorway unfolded between farmlands and low hillsides of dense green forest. Long tunnels carried the route up above the banks of Lake Mjøsa, Norway’s largest lake. After a little more than an hour, the road curved downward to run parallel to the lakeshore.

    Continue reading...

  • Japan killed 14,000 bears after a rise in deadly attacks on people – but will it work?

    Bears killed 13 people in Japan last year, as a lack of forest foods increased conflicts. Yet some say the country’s controversial cull could threaten the endangered species

    Every summer, millions of people escape the heat and humidity of Tokyo by heading to the tranquil resort town of Karuizawa in Japan’s Nagano prefecture – just an hour by bullet train from the capital. Here, at the foot of Mount Asama, visitors stroll bamboo-lined pathways, cycle in verdant highlands, and practise the wellness ritual of shinrin-yoku,bathing among the cool hinoki forests. It would be the ideal nature retreat – if it wasn’t for the bears.

    From June to August, bears often move close to Karuizawa, feeding on the mulberries, ants, leaves and cherry blossoms that grow near the town. Unlike nuts, these foods are low in calories, spurring the bears to seek out further sustenance. “They’re more likely to get close to residential spaces to see what they can find,” says Amelia Hiorns, a British zoologist who previously worked with Picchio Wildlife Research Centre in the town. “This combines with the busiest season for tourists.”

    Continue reading...

  • Top of the crops: record heatwaves help deliver bumper UK berry harvest

    Investment in climate-resilient irrigation enables this year’s haul to rise 6% on 2025’s already bigger-than-usual yield

    British farmers have faced a sweltering summer tested by heatwaves, wildfires and water shortages – but a bumper berry harvest could prove a rare bright spot.

    With two-thirds of the harvest now picked, this year’s haul is 6% up on last year’s already unusually large crop, according to British Berry Growers (BBG). Volumes of blackberries, blueberries and raspberries picked have been particularly strong, the trade body said.

    Continue reading...

  • Weatherwatch: how to protect our railways in hotter summers

    Steel rails warping and signalling equipment failing in metal cabinets are among the problems to be solved

    Tarmac softens in the summer heat, which may cause problems on the roads, but even trains running on steel rails are not immune.

    Railways in the UK are generally designed to operate within a 45C temperature range. The rails expand slightly in the heat, and excessive temperatures can produce “sun kink” with rails warping into S-shapes. The effect is small but the distortion can derail fast trains, so speeds are reduced for safety.

    Continue reading...

  • ​W​hy are European leaders staying silent after our summer of climate shock?

    Lethal temperatures ​and wildfires have exposed a widening gulf between voters demanding ​action and politicians unwilling to confront the long-term choices global heating requires

    • Don’t get This Is Europe delivered to your inbox? Sign up here

    The climate crisis means “we’re going to have to change everything – the way we live, the way we produce, the way we trade,” France’s veteran radical-left firebrand, Jean-Luc Mélenchon, told the summer congress of his France Insoumise party last weekend.

    The term “climate change”, said Mélenchon – the most likely rival to Marine Le Pen in next year’s presidential run-off, according to one poll this week – may sound “almost reassuring”, but its actual impact will feel like “landing on another planet whenever we leave home”.

    Continue reading...

  • ‘You can taste the ash’: surviving in America’s wildfire smoke capital

    A magical corner of Oregon has the highest US rate of wildfire smoke deaths. How do residents live with the haze – and grief?

    Driving into the county, you can’t miss the sign.

    “IT’S THE CLIMATE”.

    Continue reading...

  • ‘132F’: meet the man calling out NYC’s infernally hot subway stations

    Jack Klein takes heat readings, gives fans to overheated passengers and lugs big jugs of water into the stations

    On a recent August day in the subterranean furnace of New York City’s subway, one bearded, curly-haired man was studying his phone for different reasons than the other wilting passengers – to track the soaring temperatures and ponder how underground train stations can cool down in an era of climate crisis.

    Jack Klein, a 31-year-old construction site manager, has in the past two years taken it upon himself to become a sort of guerrilla subway heat operative, sticking teardrop-shaped thermometers to steel beams in seven of the hottest Manhattan stations and posting social media videos of the hades-like summer temperatures that commuters have to endure.

    Continue reading...

Novosti: Cybermed.hr

Novosti: Biologija.com

Copyright © 2026 Eco Hvar. Sva prava zadržana. Developed by Orion Informatika.