Prirodna zaštita biljaka

Objavljeno u Okoliš

Zaštita biljaka od gljivičnih oboljenja ili napada štetoćina vrši se iskljućivo sa biljnim srestvima. Bitno je da se biljke prskaju preventivno ili najkasnije kad se uoće prva oboljenja. Plodovi se jasno mogu i odmah jesti nakon prskanja.

Poljska preslica (Equisetum arvense). Poljska preslica (Equisetum arvense). Foto: MPF

BILJNA SREDSTVA ZA PRSKANJE

ČAJ OD POLJSKE PRESLICE (Equisetum arvense)

Taj čaj je jako dobro sredstvo za kontrolu gljivičnih oboljenja. Preslicu treba nabrati koncem ljeta ( 8 mjesec ) kada sadrži najveću količinu silicija te je osušiti na sjenovitom mjestu. Osušenu preslicu možemo upotrjebiti tijekom cijele godine. Čaj se koristi kao antigljivično sredstvo.

Čaj se priprema tako da se 300 grama suhe preslice kuha u 5 litara vode jedan sat na blagoj vatri. Nakon toga ga procjedimo i razrijedimo s još 25 litara vode. Prije upotrebe tekućina mora odstojati još 10 sati. Prilikom razrijeđivanja čaja potrebno ga je mješati oko 10 minuta.

Preporuča se jedno ili više prskanja vočaka nakon kišnog perioda i to prije ili u početku napada gljivičnih oboljenja. Prskati po sunčanom vremenu. Preventivno možemo prskati prema uputama " Mjesečnog sjetvenog kalendara ". Čaj od preslice može se dodavati i u vodi u kanti za zalijevanje , od njega pravimo i kupku za umakanje korjena prije sadnje voćaka. Prskamo po plodovima voćaka , krošnji i stablu.

Voćke prskanjem čajem od preslice dobivaju otpornost na pepelnicu , peronosporu , rđu i druga gljivična oboljenja.

Radi velike efikasnosti i suzbijanja raznih gljivičnih oboljenja farmeri kažu da im nikada nije dosta ove biljke.

Ja ovim čajem prskam lozu i povrće. Navedena kolićina čaja od 30 litara mi je dovoljna za prskanje 400 loza i 400 m2 povrtnjaka.

Stolisnik (achillea millefolium). Foto: Petar Milošević

ČAJ OD STOLISNIKA (Achillea millefolium)

Stolisnik spada u narodnoj medicini među ljekovite biljke jer sadrži mirisnogorka eterična ulja i mnogo minerala. On ima i dezinfekciske osobine. Potiče i pospješuje djelovanje učinaka drugih biljaka te se zbog toga njegov čaj može mješati s drugim čajevima , a posebno to vrijedi za čaj od metvice i kamilice.

U ekovočarstvu koristi se kao sredstvo protiv pepelnice ,truleži plodova i drugih gljivičnih oboljenja.

Priprema se tako da 1 kg svježih listova , stabljika ( 15 cm dužine ) ili 200 grama suhog stolisnika shuhamo u 10 litara vode. To se procjedi i razrijedi s vodom u omjeru 5:1 i prskaju se oboljele voćke. Dodro je prskati preventivno ili čim se bolest primjeti. Najefikasnije je djelovanje ako se naprave čajevi od metvice i kamilice i pomješaju u istim omjerima s čajem od stolisnika.

Kod pojedinih voćaka može se pojaviti osip ( alergija na stolisnik ).U tom slučaju treba napustiti kontak biljkom i čajem od nje.

Ja ovim čajem prskam lozu i povrće. Sami odredite omjere i kolićinu potrebnog čaja.

Kopriva (urtica diocia). Foto: Uwe H. Friese

SREDSTVO ZA PRSKANJE OD KOPRIVE (Urtica dioica)

Upotrebljava se za uništavanje mnogobrojnij lisnih uši , a istovremeno jača biljke,poboljšava im otpornost i gnjoji ih.

Priprema se tako da se 1 kg svježih , isječenih kopriva potopi u 10 litara vode i ostavi 24 sati. Ne duže jer preparat gubi moč. Ako nema svježih kopriva, na istu količinu vode treba uzeti 100 do 200 grama osušenih.Nakon 24 sata tečnost je potrebno procjediti i njome prskati biljke sa svih strana. Postupak se može ponoviti nakon nekoliko dana.Biljni ostaci se kompostiraju.

Važno je napomenuti da sredstvo za prskanje od koprive mora se upotrebiti nakon 24 sata , a nikako nakon 2 – 3 dana jer postaje agresivno i može spržiti biljke.

Ja ovim čajem prskam rijeđe lozu i češće povrće. Sami odredite omjere i kolićinu potrebnog čaja.

Pelin (Artemisia absinthium). Foto: David Monniau

ČAJ OD PELINA (Artemisia absinthium)

Odlikuje se izrazitom gorčinom zbog čega ga izbjegavaju insekti. Priprema se tako da 300 grama predhodno osušenih i usitnjenih grančica pelina ( s listom , a može i s cvijetom ) prelije jednom litrom kipuće vode, ostavi stajati poklopljeno pola sata. Nakon toga se procjedi i doda 9 litara vode i čaj za prskanje je gotov. Čaj od pelina se koristi za zaštitu jagoda i kupina od grinja,protiv lisnih ušiju na svim voćkama , protiv gusjenica , mravi i drugih štetnih insekata.

Biljni ostaci se ne smiju kompostirati.

Ja ovim čajem prskam bob, fažolete , grašak i pomidore preventivno ili kad se pojave lisne uši.

Napomena:

Suha preslica, kopriva, te pelin, stolisnik, metvica i kamilica (sve u suhom stanju) mogu se nabaviti u Splitu u kiosku na tržnici iza starog igrališta Hajduka, svak po cijeni od cca 75 kn za 1 kg.

© Mihovil Stipišić, 2017.

Literatura:

Bašić, Ivan. 2000.g., Ekološko pristup u uzgoju voćaka. Izdavači Ruža i Ivan Bašić, Nova Gradiška.

Bašić, Ivan, 2000.g., Ekološki pristup u zaštiti voćaka. Ruža i Ivan Bašić, Nova Gradiška.

Korisni linkovi:

https://www.agroklub.com/eko-proizvodnja/ekoloski-pripravci-za-zastitu-bilja/11877/

 
Nalazite se ovdje: Home Okoliš Prirodna zaštita biljaka

Novosti: Ekologija.hr

  • A ‘reasonable worst-case scenario’ suggests need for large-scale movement of populations away from reshaped coast

    Up to 13 million people in the UK face the long-term risk of coastal flooding due to the climate crisis, scientists have warned, with a “reasonable worst-case scenario” suggesting the need for the large-scale movement of populations away from a dramatically reshaped coast.

    Even if today’s global pledges to cut carbon pollution are met, about 1.4 million more people will be exposed to coastal floods in 2200 and 1.7 million in 2300 due to the sea level rise driven by melting ice caps and warming oceans.

    Continue reading...

  • Puffling excites volunteers trying to save the last known regular nesting site on mainland of southern England

    For years, volunteers have craned their necks and tested their patience to peer into the crevices of the cliffs hoping for a glimpse of fluffy joy.

    Finally it all paid off as a puffling – baby puffin – poked its way into the sunshine, becoming the first to be spotted on the coast of Dorset in southern England for three decades.

    Continue reading...

  • Greenpeace petitions Dutch courts to order JBS to disclose how its aims are compatible with responsibilities to climate and human rights

    The world’s biggest meat company, JBS, faces a landmark legal challenge to disclose how its $6bn (£4.5bn) global expansion plan is compatible with responsibilities to the climate, nature and human rights.

    Courts in the Netherlands, where JBS is headquartered, will assess the petition filed by Greenpeace for information on whether the company is compliant with Dutch laws on “duty of care” as well as its own publicly stated commitments.

    Continue reading...

  • Neso denies allegations aired by Tory MP that staff took part in cover-up over decision-making in heatwave

    In a control room in Wokingham, Berkshire, staff work around the clock, minute by minute, to align Great Britain’s fluctuating power supplies with its ever-changing demand.

    However, as households struggle to adapt to soaring summer temperatures, staff at the government-owned National Energy System Operator (Neso), tasked with keeping the lights on, have faced the kind of challenge usually reserved for the country’s coldest winter nights in recent weeks.

    Continue reading...

  • Researchers listening off the Caribbean island of Dominica found variations in the mammals’ audible clicks when marine traffic was close

    Sperm whales produce a specific pattern of clicking noises when they hear the noise of boats, researchers have found. The pattern is so distinct that the scientists who identified it said they can now use it to predict when ships are nearby.

    Researchers from Project Ceti (the Cetacean Translation Initiative), a non-profit research organisation working to decode sperm whale communication, spent four years tuning in on the calls of 15 sperm whales off the coast of Dominica.

    Continue reading...

  • Whales flown to US aquariums after long-running saga in which Marineland had threatened to euthanise them

    Six beluga whales have at last left Marineland, the embattled Canadian marine park in Niagara Falls that previously threatened to kill its own animals, and are arriving at US aquariums this week.

    While the whales’ journey into the US marks the end of their long and controversial saga of captivity in Canada, advocates say the new conditions, though superior to Marineland, could bring continued challenges.

    Continue reading...

  • Trevone Bay, Cornwall: The odds of survival of these juveniles raised in a hatchery are 1,000 times greater than if they had been born in the wild

    As I tipped the plastic pot, the juvenile lobster edged forwards, seemingly reluctant to take the plunge. Barely a couple of centimetres long, it had been nurtured through the perilous first weeks of life. Now it was free to roam the sea, with all the risks that entailed.

    Shaped like a miniature clothes peg, tiny claws spread wide, it gave a flick of its tail and propelled itself out of the pot and down to the sandy bottom of the rock pool, before disappearing among tangles of seaweed.

    Continue reading...

  • Despite official claims that the São Francisco River project supplies 12m people, many of those who had to make way for its construction in 2007 still have no water at all

    A concrete canal cutting through the Caatinga scrubland feeds a surface reservoir two and a half miles from Maria de Fátima Ferreira da Silva’s home in rural Brazil. The canal passes Sertânia and continues until it reaches Monteiro, the next town along, where it spills its precious cargo into the bed of the Paraíba River – a human-directed inflow into the seasonally dry waterway.

    Such proximity to a reliable water source would usually be considered a blessing in the sertão, a vast outback in Brazil’s north-east known for its punishing droughts. But not for Ferreira, who was displaced nearly 20 years ago by the construction of the canal and now lives in a house without any water supply, despite the nearby reservoir.

    Maria de Fátima Ferreira da Silva in her maize crop at Salão productive rural village. She bathes at the reservoir and collects water there for her smallholding and donkey, and pays to fill her barrel with drinking water each month

    Continue reading...

  • Portable fans, a ‘cooling necklace’, sun protective hats and more products we reach for when the heat won’t quit

    If you’ve stepped outside lately, you know the heat isn’t letting up. With another round of triple-digit temperatures and heat advisories blanketing parts of the US, we asked our writers to share the things they rely on when summer gets unbearable.

    They shared recommendations for portable fans, a powerful dehumidifier and shorts that keep you cool even after hours of walking. Multiple writers recommended REI’s Sahara hoodie. You’ll also find clever picks you may not have considered, such as reusable ice packs and a “cooling necklace”. Here are our 12 tried-and-true essentials that are keeping us from melting on hot, sticky summer days.

    Continue reading...

  • Experts share tips to avoid the blood-sucking pests that can transmit Lyme disease and other illnesses on to humans

    I won’t go into gory detail about the tick I found latched behind my ear approximately 35 hours after a hike in early June. Suffice it to say, the parasite was well fed, and I was horrified.

    I am far from alone in making such a disgusting discovery. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), emergency room visits for tick bites have been unusually high in the US this year. Thirty-one million Americans are bitten by ticks annually – and the number has been trending up for over a decade. In the UK, ticks appear to be rising in number and species variety.

    Continue reading...

Novosti: Cybermed.hr

Novosti: Biologija.com