Prirodna zaštita biljaka

Objavljeno u Okoliš

Zaštita biljaka od gljivičnih oboljenja ili napada štetoćina vrši se iskljućivo sa biljnim srestvima. Bitno je da se biljke prskaju preventivno ili najkasnije kad se uoće prva oboljenja. Plodovi se jasno mogu i odmah jesti nakon prskanja.

Poljska preslica (Equisetum arvense). Poljska preslica (Equisetum arvense). Foto: MPF

BILJNA SREDSTVA ZA PRSKANJE

ČAJ OD POLJSKE PRESLICE (Equisetum arvense)

Taj čaj je jako dobro sredstvo za kontrolu gljivičnih oboljenja. Preslicu treba nabrati koncem ljeta ( 8 mjesec ) kada sadrži najveću količinu silicija te je osušiti na sjenovitom mjestu. Osušenu preslicu možemo upotrjebiti tijekom cijele godine. Čaj se koristi kao antigljivično sredstvo.

Čaj se priprema tako da se 300 grama suhe preslice kuha u 5 litara vode jedan sat na blagoj vatri. Nakon toga ga procjedimo i razrijedimo s još 25 litara vode. Prije upotrebe tekućina mora odstojati još 10 sati. Prilikom razrijeđivanja čaja potrebno ga je mješati oko 10 minuta.

Preporuča se jedno ili više prskanja vočaka nakon kišnog perioda i to prije ili u početku napada gljivičnih oboljenja. Prskati po sunčanom vremenu. Preventivno možemo prskati prema uputama " Mjesečnog sjetvenog kalendara ". Čaj od preslice može se dodavati i u vodi u kanti za zalijevanje , od njega pravimo i kupku za umakanje korjena prije sadnje voćaka. Prskamo po plodovima voćaka , krošnji i stablu.

Voćke prskanjem čajem od preslice dobivaju otpornost na pepelnicu , peronosporu , rđu i druga gljivična oboljenja.

Radi velike efikasnosti i suzbijanja raznih gljivičnih oboljenja farmeri kažu da im nikada nije dosta ove biljke.

Ja ovim čajem prskam lozu i povrće. Navedena kolićina čaja od 30 litara mi je dovoljna za prskanje 400 loza i 400 m2 povrtnjaka.

Stolisnik (achillea millefolium). Foto: Petar Milošević

ČAJ OD STOLISNIKA (Achillea millefolium)

Stolisnik spada u narodnoj medicini među ljekovite biljke jer sadrži mirisnogorka eterična ulja i mnogo minerala. On ima i dezinfekciske osobine. Potiče i pospješuje djelovanje učinaka drugih biljaka te se zbog toga njegov čaj može mješati s drugim čajevima , a posebno to vrijedi za čaj od metvice i kamilice.

U ekovočarstvu koristi se kao sredstvo protiv pepelnice ,truleži plodova i drugih gljivičnih oboljenja.

Priprema se tako da 1 kg svježih listova , stabljika ( 15 cm dužine ) ili 200 grama suhog stolisnika shuhamo u 10 litara vode. To se procjedi i razrijedi s vodom u omjeru 5:1 i prskaju se oboljele voćke. Dodro je prskati preventivno ili čim se bolest primjeti. Najefikasnije je djelovanje ako se naprave čajevi od metvice i kamilice i pomješaju u istim omjerima s čajem od stolisnika.

Kod pojedinih voćaka može se pojaviti osip ( alergija na stolisnik ).U tom slučaju treba napustiti kontak biljkom i čajem od nje.

Ja ovim čajem prskam lozu i povrće. Sami odredite omjere i kolićinu potrebnog čaja.

Kopriva (urtica diocia). Foto: Uwe H. Friese

SREDSTVO ZA PRSKANJE OD KOPRIVE (Urtica dioica)

Upotrebljava se za uništavanje mnogobrojnij lisnih uši , a istovremeno jača biljke,poboljšava im otpornost i gnjoji ih.

Priprema se tako da se 1 kg svježih , isječenih kopriva potopi u 10 litara vode i ostavi 24 sati. Ne duže jer preparat gubi moč. Ako nema svježih kopriva, na istu količinu vode treba uzeti 100 do 200 grama osušenih.Nakon 24 sata tečnost je potrebno procjediti i njome prskati biljke sa svih strana. Postupak se može ponoviti nakon nekoliko dana.Biljni ostaci se kompostiraju.

Važno je napomenuti da sredstvo za prskanje od koprive mora se upotrebiti nakon 24 sata , a nikako nakon 2 – 3 dana jer postaje agresivno i može spržiti biljke.

Ja ovim čajem prskam rijeđe lozu i češće povrće. Sami odredite omjere i kolićinu potrebnog čaja.

Pelin (Artemisia absinthium). Foto: David Monniau

ČAJ OD PELINA (Artemisia absinthium)

Odlikuje se izrazitom gorčinom zbog čega ga izbjegavaju insekti. Priprema se tako da 300 grama predhodno osušenih i usitnjenih grančica pelina ( s listom , a može i s cvijetom ) prelije jednom litrom kipuće vode, ostavi stajati poklopljeno pola sata. Nakon toga se procjedi i doda 9 litara vode i čaj za prskanje je gotov. Čaj od pelina se koristi za zaštitu jagoda i kupina od grinja,protiv lisnih ušiju na svim voćkama , protiv gusjenica , mravi i drugih štetnih insekata.

Biljni ostaci se ne smiju kompostirati.

Ja ovim čajem prskam bob, fažolete , grašak i pomidore preventivno ili kad se pojave lisne uši.

Napomena:

Suha preslica, kopriva, te pelin, stolisnik, metvica i kamilica (sve u suhom stanju) mogu se nabaviti u Splitu u kiosku na tržnici iza starog igrališta Hajduka, svak po cijeni od cca 75 kn za 1 kg.

© Mihovil Stipišić, 2017.

Literatura:

Bašić, Ivan. 2000.g., Ekološko pristup u uzgoju voćaka. Izdavači Ruža i Ivan Bašić, Nova Gradiška.

Bašić, Ivan, 2000.g., Ekološki pristup u zaštiti voćaka. Ruža i Ivan Bašić, Nova Gradiška.

Korisni linkovi:

https://www.agroklub.com/eko-proizvodnja/ekoloski-pripravci-za-zastitu-bilja/11877/

 
Nalazite se ovdje: Home Okoliš Prirodna zaštita biljaka

Novosti: Ekologija.hr

  • Energy secretary could recommend new North Sea drilling next week, as ministers also consider approval for Rosebank oilfield

    Ministers are poised to approve a controversial new gasfield in the North Sea this month, according to government sources, and are considering approving a major oilfield later this year.

    Miatta Fahnbulleh, the energy secretary, will give her recommendation to approve the Jackdaw field off the coast of Aberdeen as soon as next week, according to people close to the decision, and the formal approval could follow a week after.

    Continue reading...

  • Exclusive: As millions of people face hosepipe bans, many companies are not required to report, let alone cut, use of public supply

    Less than 1% of businesses in England use more water than the daily needs of 10 million people, as millions of households face hosepipe bans and three-quarters of the country is in drought.

    Businesses across England use 2.6bn litres a day from the public water supply, which includes potable and non-potable water provided by water companies.In total, businesses account for about 30% of public supply use, with two-thirds of their consumption in water-stressed areas, according to Mosl, the organisation that operates England’s business water market.

    Continue reading...

  • In this week’s newsletter: The full scale of the disaster is still emerging, but as rescue efforts continue, scientists warn that a warming Himalayas could mean more deadly hazards

    Don’t get Down to Earth delivered to your inbox? Sign up here

    At 8.37am local time last Wednesday, a huge mass of rock and ice sheared free from a mountain, sliding 1,200 metres to the valley floor in Nepal’s Langtang national park, about 60km north of the country’s capital, Kathmandu.

    Horrifying images and videos soon emerged of a torrent of mud, water and debris that swept down the Lhende Khola valley at speeds approaching 150km/h. Flowing down the Lhende Khola, Bhotekoshi and Trishuli rivers that run between Tibet and Nepal, the flood water swept away homes, roads, bridges and power plants. Along the Trishuli, water levels rose by as much as nine metres in half an hour. As of the time of writing, the death toll of the disaster approached 1,000 people, with more than 4,400 on both sides of the border missing.

    Continue reading...

  • Exclusive: Angela Eagle urges UK citizens to be ‘a bit more resilient’ as they plan for national emergencies

    British people have been urged to have enough food and water on hand to survive a few days without power or water, as the UN said the El Niño climate phenomenon was “supersizing before our eyes”, exacerbating extreme weather events worldwide.

    Forecasters say they are braced for the biggest El Niño in 1,000 years, bringing wildfires and floods to parts of the world, and the threat of a wet, stormy winter for the UK.

    As the British government plans a campaign urging citizens to prepare for national emergencies, Angela Eagle told the Guardian the likelihood of a wild winter showed the importance of keeping supplies at home.

    Continue reading...

  • Scientists say ultrafine particles in cruise ship emissions associated with reduced ability to resist common viruses

    More than 2.5 million cruise passengers travelled through Southampton in 2025. It is also the UK’s leading vehicle and deep-sea trading port. You can see the ships and port machinery from miles around. All of this is downwind of a city of 260,000 people.

    A team of 32 researchers began investigating air pollution from the docks in 2018. Their research has revealed that the types of air pollution that come from ships may be more harmful than those from road traffic.

    Continue reading...

  • Bridport, Dorset: Away from the sheep, pigs and Martin Clunes’s horse, I find a bounty of local ciders – and concern about this year’s apple harvest

    It’s Melplash Show day and all of Bridport is here. Crowds jostle for a look at the pigs, cattle and sheep. The actor Martin Clunes, who lives locally, leads one of his heavy horses into the ring, a big strawberry roan gelding with a mane plaited with ribbons. Everyone ignores the celebrity: they are far more interested in the finer points of his horse.

    In the handicrafts and local produce tent, lines of glass cider bottles glow palest amber and urinous gold. The two judges, the cider-maker Ross Mangles of North Down Orchard, and the cider writer James Crowden, began tasting at 8.30am. Fortified with a block of blue-veined cheddar cheese, a packet of cream crackers and a glass of water, they have sampled all 36 entries by 10am. When I join them for the results, the winning bottles are at least a quarter empty, and Ross and James are feeling upbeat.

    Continue reading...

  • This week’s best wildlife photographs from around the world

    Continue reading...

  • It’s one of the easiest ways for households to save money and cut emissions. Australian experts share tips that will have you singing efficiently in the shower

    • Change by degrees offers life hacks and sustainable living tips each Saturday to help reduce your household’s carbon footprint

    • Got a question or tip for reducing household emissions? Email us at [email protected]

    Australians love getting into hot water. About 15% have four or more showers a day, while nearly a third say they shower at least twice daily, a national survey by the Water Conservancy finds.

    Most people’s showers last five minutes or more, and one in five will spend between 10 and 15 minutes under the mist, sending up to 135 litres of water down the drain in the process.

    Continue reading...

  • Wildfire victims rebuilt their homes in Lahaina only to find USPS had ‘eliminated’ their addresses – while houses that didn’t burn receive mail as normal

    Two months after a devastating wildfire whipped through Lahaina in August 2023, Pam Reader was allowed back to see what was left of her home. With a heavy heart, she returned to the Hawaiian oceanside town now filled with endless blocks of burned houses. As she rounded her corner, she saw the only thing remaining was her bright turquoise mailbox.

    “It was an old crappy mailbox,” Reader said. “It was metal, though, which is why I think it survived.”

    Continue reading...

  • Each year, people from across the world gather in a grove sacred to the Yoruba goddess Osun to be healed, conceive or realise their deepest wishes. But toxic lead, mercury and cyanide is leaching into the river

    Devotees in white clothing line the riverbank, praying as they carry offerings of fruit, kola nut and sacrificial animals in supplication to Osun, the Yoruba goddess of fertility, beauty and healing, whose carved form stands with arms outstretched a few metres away in the Osun River.

    It is the final day of Nigeria’s annual Osun Osogbo festival in honour of the African deity, in a tradition that has existed for hundreds of years and draws people from across the diaspora.

    Yeye Omifunto Ojo performs a sacrifice at the Osun River

    Continue reading...

Novosti: Cybermed.hr

Novosti: Biologija.com