Otrovi protiv štetočina nisu efikasni!

Baš kao što se problemi sa komarcima neće riješiti insekticidima, tako ni štetočine nikako nisu kontrolirane uporabom otrova.

Otrov u sandučiću Otrov u sandučiću Foto: Vivian Grisogono

Već dugi niz godina se otrov za štakore dostavlja u kućanstava diljem otoka u sasvim neadekvatnim vrećicama od celofana. Da stvar bude još gora, upute su unutra, tako da, ako ih želite pročitati, morate rukovati sa otrovom. Još nezgodnije je stranim vlasnicima kuća, koji ne znaju Hrvatski. Tako se može dogoditi i to, da je jedan stranac bijelu tabletu unutar pakiranja sa crvenim granulama smatrao protuotrovom. Srećom, nije bilo potrebe, da je upotrijebi, jer je tableta zapravo poseban otrov namijenjen za septičke jame, i naravno, ne sadrži nikakav protuotrov. Protuotrov za ove granule je vitamin K.

Upozorenja o isporučivanju otrova su rijetkost. Iako službene web stranice Starog Grada uvijek prenose obavijesti ovog tipa, u ostalim mjestima na otoku to nije slučaj. U Pitvama se obično, dan-dva prije zalijepi mala obavijest na kontejner.

Međutim, tijekom 2016. godine je došlo do poboljšanja situacije u Jelsi, gdje se upozorenja prenose kroz web stranicu Općinskog Vijeća, kao i kroz njihovu oglasnu ploču.

Po zakonu moraju vitamini biti pakirani na siguran način, ali čini se, da otrovi za štakore ne moraju. Ovaj neodgovoran i opasan običaj se nije promijenio niti ulaskom zemlje u Europsku Uniju. Vrećice se ostavljaju naizgled nasumice u mjestima po otoku. Događalo se, da sam ih pronalazila na različitim mjestima: kod prozora kuće, viseći iz mog poštanskog sandučića, čak i na svom autu! Način dostave je očito vrlo neodgovoran. Jesu li ali otrovi korišteni na odgovoran način? Najčešće se jednostavno postave u manjim količinama oko kuće, čak i tamo gdje mogu biti opasni za kućne ljubimce ili malu djecu. Najsigurniji način postavljanja takvih otrova - ako osjećate, da baš morate koristiti takve otrove - je upotrijebiti čvrstu cijev sa rupama za ulazak i izlazak, koje su dovoljno velike za miševe ili štakore, ali su premale za sve druge životinje.

Pakiranja otrova za štakore dostavljana u lokalna kućanstva. Foto: Vivian Grisogono

Dok štetočine unutar zgrada sasvim sigurno predstavljaju problem i moguću opasnost za zdravlje, isto se ne može reći za miševe i štakore u divljini, koji imaju svoje mjesto (ako ništa drugo) u prirodnom prehrambenom lancu. Za bolji uvid u njihov način života, pogledajte video u nastavku, ili kliknite ovdje.

S obzirom na redovite doze otrova, štakori postaju otporni, stoga otrov nije rješenje. S druge strane, iako otrov ne bi trebao privlačiti druge životinje, ipak se to događa i nekoliko mačaka i pasa je već smrtno stradalo od otrova. Stvarno tužno i štetno, jer su mačke one, koje drže štakore i miševe, čak i zmije pod kontrolom. Za bilo koju veću pojavu štakora je najbolja metoda za izbjegavanje problema otpornosti na otrove pustiti upornog psa (kao što je Jack russelov terijer), da ih lovi ili koristiti zamke.

Lokalne vlasti moraju potrošiti značajan iznos na distribuciju tih otrova. Gledajući financijsko izvješće Općinskog Vijeća iz 2015. godine, nisam uspjela identificirati točan iznos potrošen na kampanju protiv štetočina i insekata, jer ove stavke nisu navedene pojedinačno. Troši li se taj novac na pametan način? Mislim da ne.

U Velikoj Britaniji su otrovi protiv štetočina dostupni, ali ne distribuiraju se na veliko kroz lokalne vlasti. Distribuirali su se (i možda se to još uvijek tako radi) samo na zahtjev. Prije nekih šezdeset godina, dok smo živjeli nedaleko Londona, moj brat, sestra i ja smo jednom po povratku iz škole pronašli neoznačenu staklenku na kuhinjskom stolu. Moja, po naravi neustrašiva sestra je navalila na staklenku i kako joj se okus činio "sirast", nastavila je jesti, da umanji svoju glad. Nismo imali pun frižider u onim danima, doduše nismo uopće imali frižider i ostava je bila prazna. Međutim, brat i ja smo bili oprezniji te smo odbili njezinu ljubaznu ponudu, da sa nama podjeli sadržaj staklenke. Možete zamisliti horor, koji je doživjela naša majka po povratku sa posla, kada je pitala za staklenku sa otrovom za štakore. Sestra je provela noć u bolnici, gdje su joj kroz pošteno ispumpavanje želuca spasili život. Mislim, da je to bilo zadnji put, da su iz općine ostavili neobilježen otrov za štakore u nečijem domu u nevino izgledajućoj, neosiguranoj staklenci.

Na Hvaru sam poslijednih godina uspjela zaustaviti isporuke otrova postavljanjem obavijesti na svojoj kući. Jednostavan natpis: "Otrov, ne hvala" preporučujem svima, koji ne žele biti opterećeni rukovanjem ili skladištenjem opasnih stvari.

Nekontrolirana distribucija otrova je očito opasna. Uz činjenicu, da otrov nije učinkovit postupak za suzbijanje štetočina, ovaj način postupanja je potrebno razmotriti i potrebno je trenutnu praksu znatno poboljšati - kao stvar od iznimne hitnosti.

© Vivian Grisogono 2016

Prevodila Ivana Župan

 

Video sadržaj

Snimljeno u Wytham Woods blzu Oxforda u Engleskoj University of Oxford
Nalazite se ovdje: Home Okoliš Opasni otrovi! Otrovi protiv štetočina nisu efikasni!

Novosti: Ekologija.hr

  • WMO report details extreme weather events causing climatic feedback loop with serious health consequences

    Big increases in wildfires and heatwaves supercharged by the climate crisis are hindering improvements to air quality around the world, UN experts have said.

    Regions that had recorded a fall in pollution emitted by cars and industrial sites are facing new threats to air quality because of exposure to smoke from wildfires, according to a new report, while rising temperatures caused by intense heatwaves are causing a surge in ground-level ozone.

    Continue reading...

  • Volunteer ‘glow-getters’ overseeing reintroduction of endangered beetles at Nosterfield nature reserve

    The bioluminescent beams of “fairy folk” are shining again from a nature reserve in North Yorkshire for the first time in a century after the successful reintroduction of endangered glowworms.

    Female glowworms were spotted over multiple weeks at Nosterfield nature reserve this summer following a no-frills, almost zero-budget reintroduction of the much-loved invertebrates, which have vanished from the British countryside in recent decades and are notoriously difficult to re-establish.

    Continue reading...

  • Investors in Emblehope Moor will get their financial returns – and then it will be given to community or charity owners

    It is difficult to find the most remote place in England. There is no public transport, no roads and no sign of any human habitation. Online route finders mistakenly direct cars up a grassy track. But miles along gravel forest roads in the far north of Northumberland is the largest contiguous rewilding site under single ownership in the country.

    The vast glacial bowl of 7,500-acre Emblehope Moor has been bought for £8.5m by Restore, a nature restoration company that works with landowners across Britain.

    Continue reading...

  • Torrential rain causes widespread damage; while north-west South Africa hit by thunderstorms and central-southern US faces oppressive heat

    Typhoon Saudel brought days of torrential rain to Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian and Guangdong provinces in south-east China last week. The city of Putian, in Fujian province, recorded 416.5mm of rain in a 24-hour period between Thursday and Friday, with surrounding villages recording more than 500mm in the same period. In Fujian, authorities estimate that almost 600,000 people were evacuated from high-risk, flood-prone areas. A further 128,000 people in 53 counties were also affected across Jiangxi, with emergency evacuations affecting 9,000 people.

    Flooding, landslips and infrastructure damage were reported widely in the region. More than 2,500 teachers and students were trapped in a school compound in the Zhejiang city of Wenzhou on Wednesday after extreme rainfall caused flash floods in low-lying areas. At least 1,260 people reportedly had to be rescued in Putian after a river embankment collapsed on Thursday, flattening 100 homes. On Saturday, a landslip in a village of Suichuan county, in Jiangxi province, killed three people and nine others remaining missing.

    Continue reading...

  • Gabna community fear their traditional herding routes will be sacrificed as far-right rhetoric ramps up against them

    For the Swedish-Sami politician Åsa Larsson Blind, it was something of a watershed moment in the national conversation around Indigenous rights.

    In late April and May, as the country geared up for this month’s elections, the deputy prime minister and energy minister, Ebba Busch, gave a series of speeches and articles publicly attacking the Sami’s rights to graze reindeer herds on their ancestral lands. Reindeer husbandry, Busch said at one press conference, “is an industry that affects very large areas, but has limited economic significance”.

    Continue reading...

  • Lynchat, Spey Valley: So many stories fill the iron age Raitts Cave, from wild legend to the more quotidian truth of its history

    The word “cave” is full of possibility. It speaks of darkness, secrets, treasures and escapees, all of which can be found in the stories of Raitts Cave, which lies in a field near the hamlet of Lynchat, Inverness-shire.

    Its Gaelic name is An Uaimh Mhor, “the great cave”, and one legend claims it was built by giants, the females hollowing out the earth and carrying the soil in their aprons to dump in the River Spey, while the males cut its massive stone slabs from the hills above. Because, in fact, it is not a natural cave, but a subterranean passage, shaped like a horseshoe and lined with stone.

    Continue reading...

  • Global AC demand will inevitably accelerate as the world continues to warm amid the climate crisis

    The greenest campaigners against climate change have long suffered from a crippling shortcoming: they too often frame the challenge as a problem of excess consumption. This motivates calls to “degrow” the economy and to curb the population. The claim is that humans consume too many resources, which in the context of climate change means too much energy.

    Nowhere has the tension between this proposition and reality become more palpable during this sweltering summer than in the conversation over air conditioning.

    Continue reading...

  • Epic plankton blooms make filming in the North Sea notoriously difficult. But a new documentary gives a rare glimpse of the kaleidoscopic life – seals, sharks, tuna, orcas and shorthorn sculpins – lurking beneath its waves

    The North Sea, as even its greatest admirers will concede, often glowers an unappetising grey or brown. And we assume that its dull exterior is matched by sediment-filled waters where little life dwells. For years, the friends and family of Peter van Rodijnen wondered why the Dutch cinematographer and diving fanatic spent so much time exploring “this murky bowl of soup”. But, inspired by a childhood of watching Jacques Cousteau’s adventures in rather more enticingly temperate waters, Van Rodijnen’s dedication to North Sea diving gradually revealed its hidden wonders.

    Over 20 years, as camera technology improved, Van Rodijnen obtained more and more amazing footage of marine life near his home on the Netherlands coast. Nearly a decade ago, he teamed up with director Mark Verkerk. “We started with the idea,” says Van Rodijnen, “that if somebody can make a movie about the North Sea, it’s got to be us.”

    Continue reading...

  • Jasmin Graham, a shark scientist and science communicator, also makes time in her day to practice her hobbies and play music bingo with friends

    “Sharks are not monsters, they just need better PR,” writes Jasmin Graham. And she should know: Graham is a shark scientist and science communicator.

    Here’s what a day in Graham’s life in Sarasota, Florida looks like.

    Continue reading...

  • Microbats and wombats among the most common species found in buildings, with some discovered in letterboxes or air conditioning systems

    Possums in the roof, bats in the curtains and ducks on the balcony: new research has revealed how native animals are making themselves at home in our houses.

    Researchers have analysed a decade of wildlife rescue reports and found brushtail and ringtail possums make up half of all cases of animals in buildings, followed by microbats and bare-nosed wombats.

    Continue reading...

Novosti: Cybermed.hr

Novosti: Biologija.com