Eco Hvar

Kemijski pesticidi: da li su potrebni?

Postoje li alternative kemijskim pesticidima? Da, naravno.

Leptir i sinerarija Leptir i sinerarija Foto: Vivian Grisogono

U poljoprivredi mogu biti pesticidi istisnuti na razne načine kroz prirodnija sredstva za suzbijanje neželjenih biljaka, biljnih bolesti i insekata. Postoje razne metode za kontrolu insekata, uključujući i jedan patentiran u 2006. godini, koji koristi gljive u zaštiti usjeva od insekata. Hvar ima bogatstvo biljaka, koje se mogu pripremiti kako bi se mogli iskoristiti za ekološku poljoprivredu. Ne zaboravljajući, da je tradicionalna metoda suzbijanja korova u vinogradima bila sadnja graha između vinove loze. Dakle, umjesto grožđa isprepletenog opasnim herbicidima, vlasnik je dobivao dva čista zdrava usjeva. Ovce su uvijek dobro obavljali svoj zadatak, da održavaju maslinike bez korova. Ekološka poljoprivreda uključuje pošten fizički rad, kao i razumijevanje toga, kako biljke rastu i u kakvoj su interaciji sa okolišem. Ekološke metode su u konačnici znatno jeftinije od kemikalija.

Košenje korova. Foto: Vivian Grisogono

Kada sam preuzela svoja vlastita polja prije desetak godina, onih nekoliko stabala – četiri masline, dvije smokve, jedno jadno stablo badema – bili su poprilično ugušeni nekontroliranim, divljim raslinjem (ok, korovom za neke) starim nekoliko godina. Polja su pokošena i prekopana dva puta kako bi se vratio red. Ručno čupanje korova i košenje je od tada uvijek bilo dovoljno za održavanje takvog reda. Nikada nisam koristila pesticide ili umjetna gnojiva. Neka područja su ostavljena tako ‘divlja‘. Koje su prednosti? Mogu sigurno jesti svo bilje, koje nikne iz zemlje, kao i plodove stabala. Jako se veselim kada se pojave moje omiljene divlje biljke, aromatično bilje, komorač ili moja orhideja.

Tragopogon, prekrasna divlja biljka. Foto: Vivian Grisogono

Postoji čak i raznoliko životinjsko carstvo, fazani, fascinantni insekti i tragovi drugih zanimljivih bića. Moja stabla proizvode zadovoljavajuće rezultate, savršene za moje potrebe. U 2016. godini su moje masline imali lijepih 15% prinosa, moj najbolji prinos do sada. 

Ekološki uzgoj, zaštita od korova uz pomoć folije. Foto: Vivian Grisogono

Komercijalni poljoprivrednici obično tvrde, da im pesticidi štede vrijeme. To je vrlo sporno. Kemijski pesticidi nisu efikasni, osim kratkoročno. U svakom slučaju, postoji stalna i sve veća potražnja za organski uzgojenom hranom, kako potrošači postaju svjesni zdravstvenih pogodnosti takve hrane. Hrvatska ekološka poljoprivreda je žalosno mali sektor, ali uz postojanje sve većeg broja ljudi, koji su spremni kupovati organski uzgojenu hranu, i ovaj sektor je u porastu. Turisti na Hvaru očekuju, da će pronaći svježe organske proizvode. Njihovo razočaranje je štetno, ne samo financijski. U svakom pogledu, isplati se uzgajati organski.

Što se tiče komaraca, postoje li bolje načine nego prskanje insekticidima? Prirodno! Nije to tako davno, kada nikakvi tigrasti komarci nisu postojali, ali bilo je dovoljno šišmiša, koji su jeli doslovno stotine komaraca kad god bi imali priliku. Ako bi smo uspjeli opet stvoriti uvjete za šišmiše i druge predatore za komarce, bio bi to veliki napredak.

© Vivian Grisogono MA(Oxon), 2016.

Prijevod Ivana Župan

Video sadržaj

na vrh članka
Nalazite se ovdje: Home O Udruzi Opasni otrovi! Kemijski pesticidi: da li su potrebni?

Novosti: Ekologija.hr

  • Nepal says big polluters must ‘wake up’ as it calls for climate compensation over flood disaster

    Foreign minister Shisir Khanal tells the Guardian the world’s biggest economies need to help Nepal, which contributes less than 0.1% of global greenhouse gas emissions

    Nepal is demanding $20m in climate compensation for the recent devastating floods, as a senior minister called on the world’s most polluting countries to “wake up” and accept shared responsibility for a disaster that led to the death or disappearance of more than 6,000 people.

    Scientists believe the climate crisis had a role to play in the floods, which were triggered when a melting glacier partially collapsed and set off a deadly landslide and flash flooding through Chinese-controlled Tibet and Nepal in late August. So far, more than 1,300 are confirmed dead and more than 5,500 still missing, with hopes of their survival diminished after 12 days of rescue operations.

    Continue reading...

  • Cities in Great Britain most vulnerable to extreme heat revealed

    OS index examines which ‘urban heat islands’ suffer the most – and which cope the best with rising temperatures

    Portsmouth, Leicester, Exeter, Bristol and Nottingham will be among the cities that warm the most by the end of this century as global heating turns British cities into urban heat islands, according to research.

    Analysis from Ordnance Survey (OS) has created a heat vulnerability index for all cities in Great Britain. Portsmouth, which sits on the south coast of England and is home to 208,000 people, is the most vulnerable to extreme heat today and into the future, according to the research from the OS, the Met Office and the data analysis company 4 Earth Intelligence.

    Continue reading...

  • Global move away from oil could lead to conflict and migration, experts say

    Researchers urge governments to help worst afflicted countries, such as Nigeria and Algeria, which rely on oil revenues for public services

    Conflict, migration and economic upheaval will accompany the global move away from oil, unless governments act urgently to help the worst afflicted countries to cope, research has found.

    Nigeria, Iran, Angola and Algeria are among the countries that will be severely affected, as they rely strongly on oil revenues for their government and provision of public services, but have little diversification and too little capital to cushion the blow.

    Continue reading...

  • ‘We have really cool sharks’: three-year project to lift lid on Britain’s little-understood species

    Anglers will help scientists investigate the porbeagle, tope and blue shark to boost knowledge and conservation

    ‘We have really cool sharks,” says Dr Lucy Hawkes. She is not referring to animals in the rich coastal waters of South Africa or Mexico, but instead talking about the species that live around Britain. Hawkes, an associate professor at the University of Exeter, is co-leading a new three-year project to investigate the lives of three of England’s most vulnerable shark species.

    “I like the porbeagle, which looks like a baby great white shark,” she says. “Surfers could see one and absolutely poop their pants, but they’re not dangerous. It’s amazing that we share the water with some pretty exciting animals.”

    Continue reading...

  • French winemakers forecast 30-year low harvest after severe drought and heat

    Estimates suggest drop in production with vineyards also concerned ‘smoke taint’ from wildfires may affect quality

    French vineyards hit by severe drought and heatwaves are expected to report a 30-year low in wine production after the country’s hottest ever recorded summer, according to the agriculture ministry.

    Initial estimates suggest winemakers will produce just under 34m hectolitres from this year’s harvest: a drop of 6% on last year, and 17% less than ‌the 2021-2025 average.

    Continue reading...

  • Country diary: This moorland needed rainfall – it got something even better | Ed Douglas

    Eyam Moor, Derbyshire:It’s a place that I treasure greatly, and now it has a change of ownership that is worth celebrating

    Can a landscape sigh with relief? It felt that way, pushing through bilberry and cowberry hung with pearls of overnight rain that soaked my lower legs.

    On the path, dry, dusty soil had reverted to reassuring gloop. I was thrilled, at one point, to step cautiously round a puddle. Overhead, a buzzard wheeled and a small gang of swallows skimmed across heather whose purple intensity was already fading, too soon it seemed to me. To the west, a kestrel was quartering the slopes of Wet Withens.

    Continue reading...

  • Heatwaves and wildfires are setting back air quality improvements, UN finds

    WMO report details extreme weather events causing climatic feedback loop with serious health consequences

    Big increases in wildfires and heatwaves supercharged by the climate crisis are hindering improvements to air quality around the world, UN experts have said.

    Regions that had recorded a fall in pollution emitted by cars and industrial sites are facing new threats to air quality because of exposure to smoke from wildfires, according to a new report, while rising temperatures caused by intense heatwaves are causing a surge in ground-level ozone.

    Continue reading...

  • Can breath be art? Liz Larner on sculpting with hair, lashes, leather – and international group exhalation

    The Californian once cultivated petri dishes breathed on by artists that turned ‘murky and scary’. But now, in our dystopian age of space technocrats, she’s taking inspiration from Nasa shots of asteroids

    ‘I had artists from all over the world breathe over petri dishes,” says Liz Larner. “It was a piece of international art made from breath bacteria.” The American sculptor is reminiscing about her 1988 work Every Artist Gave a Breath, a fragile and strangely evolving work of art grown on agar. Exhibited in a 2022 show, it has since transformed in various ways: some bacteria has morphed into “beautiful, dried wafers in colour”, while other dishes “turned into a really weird blackish-green, really murky and a little scary”.

    Larner is no stranger to making alluring work out of strange materials, from human hair and false eyelashes to leather and surgical gauze. For her first major exhibition in the UK – A Hard Line to Bend at Camden Arts Centre in London – the sculptor has been transforming single-use plastic into pieces that bristle with seductiveness and menace. “I was living in LA at the time when China stopped accepting American plastic, which was where we were sending it all to be recycled,” she says. “I started taking it to my studio – it got so huge, I had to hang it from my ceiling.”

    Continue reading...

  • Reindeer and rare-earth minerals: Swedish politicians take aim at Indigenous Sami in mining dispute

    Gabna community fear their traditional herding routes will be sacrificed as far-right rhetoric ramps up against them

    For the Swedish-Sami politician Åsa Larsson Blind, it was something of a watershed moment in the national conversation around Indigenous rights.

    In late April and May, as the country geared up for this month’s elections, the deputy prime minister and energy minister, Ebba Busch, gave a series of speeches and articles publicly attacking the Sami’s rights to graze reindeer herds on their ancestral lands. Reindeer husbandry, Busch said at one press conference, “is an industry that affects very large areas, but has limited economic significance”.

    Continue reading...

  • ‘Sharks are my film stars’: how the Jacques Cousteau of the North Sea finally unlocked its beauty

    Epic plankton blooms make filming in the North Sea notoriously difficult. But a new documentary gives a rare glimpse of the kaleidoscopic life – seals, sharks, tuna, orcas and shorthorn sculpins – lurking beneath its waves

    The North Sea, as even its greatest admirers will concede, often glowers an unappetising grey or brown. And we assume that its dull exterior is matched by sediment-filled waters where little life dwells. For years, the friends and family of Peter van Rodijnen wondered why the Dutch cinematographer and diving fanatic spent so much time exploring “this murky bowl of soup”. But, inspired by a childhood of watching Jacques Cousteau’s adventures in rather more enticingly temperate waters, Van Rodijnen’s dedication to North Sea diving gradually revealed its hidden wonders.

    Over 20 years, as camera technology improved, Van Rodijnen obtained more and more amazing footage of marine life near his home on the Netherlands coast. Nearly a decade ago, he teamed up with director Mark Verkerk. “We started with the idea,” says Van Rodijnen, “that if somebody can make a movie about the North Sea, it’s got to be us.”

    Continue reading...

Novosti: Cybermed.hr

Novosti: Biologija.com

Copyright © 2026 Eco Hvar. Sva prava zadržana. Developed by Orion Informatika.