Eco Hvar

Kemijski pesticidi: da li su potrebni?

Postoje li alternative kemijskim pesticidima? Da, naravno.

Leptir i sinerarija Leptir i sinerarija Foto: Vivian Grisogono

U poljoprivredi mogu biti pesticidi istisnuti na razne načine kroz prirodnija sredstva za suzbijanje neželjenih biljaka, biljnih bolesti i insekata. Postoje razne metode za kontrolu insekata, uključujući i jedan patentiran u 2006. godini, koji koristi gljive u zaštiti usjeva od insekata. Hvar ima bogatstvo biljaka, koje se mogu pripremiti kako bi se mogli iskoristiti za ekološku poljoprivredu. Ne zaboravljajući, da je tradicionalna metoda suzbijanja korova u vinogradima bila sadnja graha između vinove loze. Dakle, umjesto grožđa isprepletenog opasnim herbicidima, vlasnik je dobivao dva čista zdrava usjeva. Ovce su uvijek dobro obavljali svoj zadatak, da održavaju maslinike bez korova. Ekološka poljoprivreda uključuje pošten fizički rad, kao i razumijevanje toga, kako biljke rastu i u kakvoj su interaciji sa okolišem. Ekološke metode su u konačnici znatno jeftinije od kemikalija.

Košenje korova. Foto: Vivian Grisogono

Kada sam preuzela svoja vlastita polja prije desetak godina, onih nekoliko stabala – četiri masline, dvije smokve, jedno jadno stablo badema – bili su poprilično ugušeni nekontroliranim, divljim raslinjem (ok, korovom za neke) starim nekoliko godina. Polja su pokošena i prekopana dva puta kako bi se vratio red. Ručno čupanje korova i košenje je od tada uvijek bilo dovoljno za održavanje takvog reda. Nikada nisam koristila pesticide ili umjetna gnojiva. Neka područja su ostavljena tako ‘divlja‘. Koje su prednosti? Mogu sigurno jesti svo bilje, koje nikne iz zemlje, kao i plodove stabala. Jako se veselim kada se pojave moje omiljene divlje biljke, aromatično bilje, komorač ili moja orhideja.

Tragopogon, prekrasna divlja biljka. Foto: Vivian Grisogono

Postoji čak i raznoliko životinjsko carstvo, fazani, fascinantni insekti i tragovi drugih zanimljivih bića. Moja stabla proizvode zadovoljavajuće rezultate, savršene za moje potrebe. U 2016. godini su moje masline imali lijepih 15% prinosa, moj najbolji prinos do sada. 

Ekološki uzgoj, zaštita od korova uz pomoć folije. Foto: Vivian Grisogono

Komercijalni poljoprivrednici obično tvrde, da im pesticidi štede vrijeme. To je vrlo sporno. Kemijski pesticidi nisu efikasni, osim kratkoročno. U svakom slučaju, postoji stalna i sve veća potražnja za organski uzgojenom hranom, kako potrošači postaju svjesni zdravstvenih pogodnosti takve hrane. Hrvatska ekološka poljoprivreda je žalosno mali sektor, ali uz postojanje sve većeg broja ljudi, koji su spremni kupovati organski uzgojenu hranu, i ovaj sektor je u porastu. Turisti na Hvaru očekuju, da će pronaći svježe organske proizvode. Njihovo razočaranje je štetno, ne samo financijski. U svakom pogledu, isplati se uzgajati organski.

Što se tiče komaraca, postoje li bolje načine nego prskanje insekticidima? Prirodno! Nije to tako davno, kada nikakvi tigrasti komarci nisu postojali, ali bilo je dovoljno šišmiša, koji su jeli doslovno stotine komaraca kad god bi imali priliku. Ako bi smo uspjeli opet stvoriti uvjete za šišmiše i druge predatore za komarce, bio bi to veliki napredak.

© Vivian Grisogono MA(Oxon), 2016.

Prijevod Ivana Župan

Video sadržaj

na vrh članka
Nalazite se ovdje: Home Novosti iz prirode Opasni otrovi! Kemijski pesticidi: da li su potrebni?

Novosti: Ekologija.hr

  • China’s stranglehold on rare earths must be ended, says hopeful supplier to EU

    Rafael Moreno, whose company has opened demo plant in Brazil, says market is ‘nervous’ as Trump-Xi summit looms

    The head of a mining company hoping to supply the EU with rare earths in two years’ time has said it is “paramount” to end China’s stranglehold on the supply of the raw materials used in everything from cars to wind turbines and military jets.

    As Donald Trump and China’s president, Xi Jinping, prepare to meet on Thursday in their second summit of the year, Rafael Moreno said it was also “imperative” that they do a deal for Beijing to ease up, once again, on its threat to ban exports of rare earths.

    Continue reading...

  • Burning forests, emptying rivers, €180bn in damage: Europe’s politicians face reckoning after ‘summer of truth’

    Amid record-shattering heatwaves and popular demand for climate action, why are politicians often timid or in denial?

    It was, according to the European Commission president, Ursula von der Leyen, the “summer of truth”. Climate chaos ripped through Europe and the northern hemisphere, sending heat records tumbling, scorching crops in the fields, burning forests, emptying rivers and reservoirs, warping train tracks, melting roads and killing about 35,000 people in Europe alone.

    The EU has estimated the damage at about €180bn, and the full bill is yet to arrive: harvests have been depleted, which will probably raise food price inflation, and expensive repairs to infrastructure have only just begun.

    Continue reading...

  • Before-and-after images show effects of rain in drought-hit England and Wales

    Much of the UK is still officially in drought after its hottest summer on record, but grasslands are slowly recovering their colour

    The landscapes of southern England and Wales are slowly regaining their colour after this summer’s extreme heat.

    The UK’s hottest summer on record left the south of the country dried out and brown, making the impact of the drought particularly visual.

    Continue reading...

  • How to flood-proof your home: from water-thirsty plants to deflated footballs

    After summer’s heatwaves, prepare for winter of storms and heavy rain, with millions of UK homes at risk of flooding

    The accelerating climate crisis and this year’s record-breaking El Niño mean that, although the summer’s heatwaves are still fresh in the memory, households in the UK are already being told to prepare for a potentially destructive winter of storms and heavy rain – leaving millions of homes at risk of flooding.

    Government action is needed to improve flood defences and build reliance on a national and regional level. But with the UK’s flood season just weeks away, the Guardian spoke to experts to find out what action communities and individuals can take to make their neighbourhoods and homes more resilient, from self-closing airbricks to deflated children’s footballs.

    Continue reading...

  • Spider season! Ten species you’ll see scuttling across Britain’s carpets and lawns this autumn

    The world is suddenly full of webs and hairy legs. But why? And what do they belong to? Meet the spiders you’re most likely to encounter, from cardinals to false wolves

    Summer is at an end, and suddenly spiders seem to be everywhere – in your house, in your garden, in your hair. Fresh webs hang from doorways, walls, shrubs and fence posts, creating invisible obstacle courses. Where do all these spiders come from, what kind are they and what, if anything, should we do about them?

    The short answer to the question “Why are there so many more spiders at this time of year?” is: there aren’t. They are just more obvious. Dave Clarke, an ectotherm (“cold-blooded” animal) specialist at the Zoological Society of London, says: “There are more spiders around in the spring, because that’s when they hatch from their egg sacs, and there are hundreds of babies in each egg sac. But they’re small and not very obvious. They grow up during the summer and, at this time of year, they reach their maximum size.” Their webs are also correspondingly larger.

    Continue reading...

  • Country diary: A lesson from my final diary after nearly 40 years – keep looking closely | Phil Gates

    Stanhope, Weardale: I’ve realised in that time that beauty and fascination can lie in the most mundane of plants – in this case, broad-leaved dock

    After another exceptionally dry summer, there’s a nagging question lurking at the back of naturalists’ minds: which species will be the winners and losers in our evolving climate?

    Throughout summer’s heatwaves and drought, I watched a dense stand of broad-leaved docks, Rumex obtusifolius, thrive while surrounding fields turned the colour of bleached straw. They have promising credentials as drought survivors, thanks to a deep taproot, fast, early spring growth and a long-lasting dormant seed bank in the soil.

    Continue reading...

  • From old railways to an oasis of art, food and nature: how an eco-park was born in Greater Manchester

    Northern Roots is launching Britain’s biggest urban farm and eco-park, in an effort to boost people’s health and wellbeing

    Standing in the open green space of Northern Roots, it is hard to imagine the landscape as it once was.

    Two cotton mills, two coalmines and an industrial railway once occupied this 65-hectare (160-acre) site in Oldham, Greater Manchester. Later, about 24 hectares became a tip, with much of the space left to nature.

    Continue reading...

  • Bear-y good neighbors: humans and animals are learning to live together in an expanding LA

    People are increasingly crossing paths with the wild animals as homes ring the outskirts of forests, sparking a new era of coexistence

    Every year, as summer draws to a close and fall begins, California’s bears get hungry.

    Black bears have long roamed the state, hunting for acorns, ants and pine nuts by the bucketload to pack on calories before hibernation. But increasingly, for every berry and root, there’s an even greater temptation: our trash and the detritus of human existence.

    Continue reading...

  • ‘Do you have to be dead?’: US coalminers plead for benefits as black-lung disease cases surge

    Trump says he digs coal – but pneumoconiosis cases are at a 50-year high, and sick miners are mired in benefit delays

    For 38 years, Josh Armes worked as a coal miner in West Virginia and Virginia.

    After retirement, Armes, 74, of Grundy, Virginia, was diagnosed with black lung disease, medically known as coal workers’ pneumoconiosis (CWP), caused by breathing in coal dust over long periods, which irreversibly damages the lungs.

    Continue reading...

  • ‘You could absolutely rip your bloody hand off’: competitors gather for England oyster shucking championship

    The English have been eating oysters for thousands of years, and advocates say they are an important indicator of the health of coastal waters

    Beneath bunting in the middle of Mayfair, there was a feverish atmosphere as the finals of potentially the poshest sport in England began: oyster shucking, judged by actor Stanley Tucci.

    “The secret is not being scared of stabbing yourself in the hand,” says Quincy CoulterYoung from Rocks Oysters, one of the fastest oyster shuckers in the country.

    Continue reading...

Novosti: Cybermed.hr

Novosti: Biologija.com

Copyright © 2026 Eco Hvar. Sva prava zadržana. Developed by Orion Informatika.